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British Empire > Interwar > Flashcards

Interwar Flashcards

1
Q

1929 Act

A

The 1929 colonial development act

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2
Q

Why was 1929 colonial development act special / not special

A

Broke new ground by giving outright grants to projects in colonies
But very little only £1 million in three years and nearly all of it for communication and research, agricultural or industrial development had to be self funded in

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3
Q

Uganda between 1928-1938 … but…

A

Revenues fairly stable
But increase very slow managed to improve hospital facilities a little but so small: eg 1,300 hospital beds provided in 1938 but Ugandan population was 3 million

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4
Q

By 1938 what percent of Nigerianchildren went to school

And what percent of Kenyan children

A

Nigeria less than 5%

Kenya between 10% and 15%

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5
Q

A governor of Tanganyika said what abt interwar years

A

Described his colony as lying ‘in mothballs’ between the wars

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6
Q

Year of Ottawa conference

A

1932

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7
Q

Where else did Britain turn to from Empire

A

Scandinavia, specifically Denmark a competitor of Canada

And Argentina

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8
Q

Pact with Argentina

A

1933 si-called Roca-Runciman pact allowed Argentina, which sent 40% of its exports to Britain, to keep almost all of its pre-Ottawa share of British market for chilled beef

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9
Q

What did Ottawa conference mean

A

Imperial preference

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10
Q

Britain no longer profited by

A

Britain’s huege holdings in railways and shipping were now unprofitable

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11
Q

Ottawa conference meant that they could not deter even their closest trade partners from looking for new markets

A

For example Australia looked to Japan.

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12
Q

British economy became dependent on industry es like

A

Civil Aircraft

Oil, on a global scale the US ranked better

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13
Q

Balfour declaration year

A

1926

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14
Q

Balfour declaration declared

A

Defined dominion status of countries ‘autonomous communities within the British empire, equal in status’

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15
Q

Year of Statute if Westminster

A

1931

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16
Q

What did Statute of Westminster mean

A

Henceforth British parliament couldn’t legislate on behalf of a dominion
And dominions laws couldn’t be invalidated on grounds it didn’t go with English law

17
Q

Which 2 countries pleased by Stature of Westminster

A

Irish free state

South Africa

18
Q

What did Australian governor-general day about statute of Westminster

A

We’ve torn down a castle to build a row of villas

19
Q

Why could Balfour not be a wreaking

A

Only applies to dominoes

Solidifies relationships that might have crumbled to a worse extent without compromise

20
Q

Early 1920s what did dominions want and what did this culminate in

A

No longer to be bound by British foreign policy decision

Halibut fisheries treaty - Canadian gov allowed to negotiate their own international agreement

21
Q

What happened with treaty of Lausanne

A

It was made 2 settle relations between turkey and allied powers but dominions weren’t invited to conference that decided it so VANADA AND IRISB FREE STATE declined to accept any binding responsibility to the agreement

22
Q

Ottawa conference

Mutual tariff

A

Concessions

23
Q

Who had previously brought up imperial preference as an idea

A

Joseph chamberlain 1906 no one liked it he lost elections

24
Q

Why did Ottawa conference strengthen empire

A

It was a success for everyone

25
Q

Amritsar

A

General Dyer crashes peaceful meeting killed 379 people who could not escape through the narrow passageways that led to the courtyard where they met
Inspired Gandhi
Deepened anti British sentiment

26
Q

Britain acquired what thru mandates post ww1

A

Oil rich Iraq

Palestine

27
Q

Treaty of Locarno

A

1925

No dominions would have to get involved in. British war

28
Q

How much did Britain spend of Singapore naval base

A

£25 million

Worried abt Japanese

29
Q

When was Singapore lost

A

Japan attacked Singapore in February 1942

30
Q

Why also was Singapore important

A

To strenghthen Anglo American relations since America scared of Asia and wanted a base to use
Britain would seem like worthwhile ally

31
Q

How did Churchill describe the fall of Singapore

A

The largest disaster and worst capitulation in British history

32
Q

Gandhi how long was salt March to Dandi

A

24 days
March - April
Salt March was in March

33
Q

Rowlatt Act 1919

A

Imprisonments without trial
Eg of suspected terrorists
Caused Gandhi to launch civil disobedience campaign and called for hartal April 1919

34
Q

In interwar how did Britain foolishly go about introducing responsible government for India

A

Simon Commission 1927-30 had no Indian representatives on it causing outrage amongst Indiana and even being regarded as absurd in Britain

35
Q

Round table conferences

A

3
1930,31,32
Held in London meant there were Indians missing from first and third meeting

36
Q

What India Act was there In 1930s

A

Government of India Act 1935

British Empire (16 decks)

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