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Flashcards in Intro to Basic Development Deck (52)
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1
Q

Week 1-8

A

embryonic period

2
Q

Week 9-36

A

fetal period

3
Q

Week 23

A

embryo is viable

4
Q

ovum breaks out of perioteal membranes

A

mittlescherz

5
Q

what sweeps ovum into tube

A

scary fallopian fimbriae

6
Q

oocytes are viable for

A

24 hours after ovulation

7
Q

sperms are viable

A

For 3 days!

8
Q

reaction of uterine lumen to fertilized egg implanting

A

decidual reaction

9
Q

yolk sac is on which side?

A

ventral

10
Q

amniotic cavity is on which side?

A

dorsal

11
Q

primitive streak starts

A

caudal and grows toward head

12
Q

cells streaming from the primitive streak start which layer?

A

middle layer!

13
Q

ectoderm

A

skin, nervous

14
Q

mesoderm

A

connective, GU

15
Q

endoderm

A

gut

16
Q

extension of primitive streak rostrally is the origin of

A

notochord

17
Q

notochord is

A

condensation of cells that induces the overlying ectoderm to differentiate into nervous system

18
Q

lateral ectoderm becomes

A

skin, jerk.

19
Q

ectoderm invaginates and pinches off to form

A

neural tube

20
Q

neural crest

A

origin of nervous system,cells that delaminate and migrate fromadjacent to the neural tube

21
Q

neural tube closure first occurs

A

in future neck, or else spina bifida, detectable by leak of CSF into amniotic fluid

22
Q

paraxial mesoderm gives rise to

A

somites (skeleton, muscle)

23
Q

intermediate mesoderm gives rise to

A

GU system

24
Q

lateral mesoderm, 2 layers

A

top (next to ectoderm), bottom (next to endoderm)

25
Q

top mesoderm becomes

A

body wall

26
Q

bottom mesoderm becomes

A

visceral wall: internal around the gut

27
Q

intraembryonic coelum

A

space between top and bottom mesoderm, becomes body cavities

28
Q

blood island and heart form

A

via vasculogenesis in interembryonic coelum

29
Q

where does the heart form

A

all the way anterior! (that’s in the head!)

30
Q

at four weeks: folding

A

neural tube grows faster than other tissues and causes head and tail fold

31
Q

what positions heart and connecting stalk (and allantois) to position on the ventral surface

A

neural tube folding over endoderm

32
Q

at four weeks: yolk sac becomes

A

foregut, midgut, hind gut.

33
Q

what creates the allantois?

A

tail fold bringing amniotic cavity into the embryo

34
Q

does lateral folding happen at 4 weeks?

A

yes.

35
Q

how many umbilical arteries?

A

two!

36
Q

how many umbilical veins?

A

one!

37
Q

Intra-embryonic coelum folding creates

A

future pericardial cavity, accompanying heart to ventral surface of the embryo.

38
Q

dorsal aorta

A

the six precursors to the great vessels. Formed in pharyngeal folds

39
Q

embryonic blood flow

A

placenta> umbilical vein> liver> inferior vena cava> right heart> foramen ovale> left atrium> aorta> internal iliacs> umbilical artery> bladder> placenta

40
Q

umbilical artery

A

has LOW O2

41
Q

umbilical vein

A

has high O2

42
Q

most of liver

A

is mostly bypassed via ductus venosum

43
Q

blood in inferior vena cava

A

mixes with venous return

44
Q

foramen ovale

A

for bypassing the lungs!

45
Q

embryonic pulmonary blood flow

A

right heart> pulmonary artery> ductus arteriosus> aorta

46
Q

lung pressure is ____because lung is not functional

A

high

47
Q

at birth, right heart pressure

A

falls due to lack of blood in the umbilical vein

48
Q

at birth, foramen ovale

A

closes (due to higher pressure on the left), forcing right heart blood into lungs

49
Q

at birth, ductus venosus

A

closes, becomes ligamentum venosum

50
Q

at birth, ductus arteriosis

A

closes, becomes ligamentum arteriosum

51
Q

at birth, umbilical arteries become

A

blood supply to the bladder

52
Q

By 8 weeks

A

inch long embryo with all systems formed