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Flashcards in Intro to ENT Deck (4)
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1
Q

Emergent ENT problems?

A
  • upper airway obstruction:
    acute laryngeal edema
    epiglottitis
    FBs

-trauma:
facial fractures -
orbital, nasal and facial

2
Q

What calls for immediate referral?

A
  • severe or persistent epistaxis
  • tonsilar hemorrhage
  • hoarseness assoc with neck trauma or surgery
  • laryngeal obstruction and or fracture
  • acute nasal fracture with septal hematoma
  • complicated mastoiditis/cholesteatoma or sinusitis (periorbital cellulitis, frontal sinusitis with persistent frontal HA)
  • pharyngeal/laryngeal FB
  • abscess or hematoma, eg peritonsillar abscess, septal or auricular hematoma, paranasal sinus pyocele
  • nasal foreign body - battery
  • barotrauma with sudden onset vertigo
3
Q

Urgent referral?

A
  • malignant neoplasm of head and neck: larynx, nasopharynx, oral cavity, unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy
  • subacute dysphonia/airways problems, eg laryngeal papilloma, laryngeal stridor
  • acute facial nerve trauma
  • documented sinusitis not responding to conservative management
  • paranasal sinus mucocele
  • fracture of paranasal sinus
  • nasal fracture with external nasal deformity
  • hoarseness with sig dysphagia or present for more than 4 weeks
  • progressive or persistent dyphagia
  • neck masses
4
Q

Non urgent referrals?

A
  • elective tonsillitis after peritonsilar abscess
  • chronic tonsillitis
  • adenoiditis