Intro to the cardiac system Flashcards Preview

23- The heart and electrical outputs > Intro to the cardiac system > Flashcards

Flashcards in Intro to the cardiac system Deck (12)
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1
Q

What is systole

A

Contraction

2
Q

What is diastole

A

relaxation

3
Q

Describe ventricular systole

A

contraction of ventricles (Atrioventricular valves close)- the source of the first heart sound = “Lub”

4
Q

Describe ventricular diastole

A

relaxation of ventricles (Semi-lunar valves close)- the source of the second heart sound = “Dub”

5
Q

What is cardiac output

A

volume delivered into the circulation per minute

6
Q

What is stroke volume

A

volume delivered by the ventricle per beat

7
Q

What are the functions of the cardiorespiratory system

A
  • Transport= to and from metabolising tissue
  • Homeostasis (pH, osmolarity, electrolytes, infection)
  • Generate pressure (renal filtration and reproduction)
8
Q

What are the 5 zones of the primitive tube

A
  • Arterial trunk/truncus arteriosus
  • Bulbus cordis
  • Ventricle- B and V- primitive ventricle
  • Atrium
  • Sinus venosus
9
Q

Why do birds have highly efficient cardiovascular systems

A
  • To cope with high metabolic demands
  • Important for oxygen and thermoregulation
  • They have a relatively large cardiac size compared to body weight
10
Q

List the differences in the structure of the bird heart

A
  • left AV valve has 3 leaflets
  • Right AV valve have muscular flap and have no chordae tendinae
  • Receives blood from caudal body- so drugs injected into hindlimbs are metabolised before general circulation
11
Q

What is heart disease

A

disease usually involves valve degeneration and the valve becoming incompetent or disease of the heart muscle, resulting the heart not contracting well or filling well. It doesn’t always result in heart failure

12
Q

What is heart failure

A

syndrome in which the heart fails to deliver blood effectively to meet the requirements of metabolising tissues