Introduction to cognitive neuroscience Flashcards Preview

Physiology and Neuroscience > Introduction to cognitive neuroscience > Flashcards

Flashcards in Introduction to cognitive neuroscience Deck (15)
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1
Q

What is cognition?

A
Language
Memory
Attention
Executive Function
Perception
2
Q

What is executive function?

A

Complex behavioural cognitive functions
Control of emotion and behaviour
Inhibition, planning, problem solving, reasoning, mental flexibility, task switching

3
Q

What do frontal lobe lesion patients show an impairment for?

A

Stroop effect condition

4
Q

What is Agnosia?

A

Failure of recognition

5
Q

What is visual agnosia?

A

agnosia for visual stimuli

6
Q

What is prosopagnosia?

A

Agnosia for faces

7
Q

For patient DF what was impaired?

A

Object perception, recognising letter or line drawings

8
Q

For patient DF what was intact?

A

Colour, tactile and auditory recognition help her to recognise real objects, is able to draw from memory

9
Q

Where in the brain seems to be the issue in patients with visual agnosia?

A

Ventral stream lesion

Dorsal stream intact

10
Q

Where in the brain seems to be the issue in patients with optic ataxia?

A

Dorsal stream lesion

Ventral stream intact

11
Q

What are the limitations of lesion studies?

A
Brain functions might be carried out in a disturbed manner, rather than each region having a fixed function
Actual area might not be affected but lesion affects the pathway toward a particular area
Patients have usually a bigger lesion than the region of interest 
Other impairment (e.g. other lesions might interefe with performance)
12
Q

What is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)?

A

Non-invasive pain free method to stimulate the human cortex

13
Q

What does TMS create?

A

A rapidly changing magnetic field that temporarily interferes with brain functions

14
Q

What are the advantages of TMS?

A

More precise than a lesion

More participants can be tested with the same area No interference from other lesions

15
Q

What are the disadvantages of TMS?

A

Networks and Pathways
Impossibility to stimulate deep brain structures directly
Coil position needs to be guided by prior evidences and needs to be monitiored