Introduction to Ophthalmology Flashcards Preview

Neuro 3 > Introduction to Ophthalmology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Introduction to Ophthalmology Deck (27)
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1
Q

Anterior chamber exam important when

A

Thinking about dilating

Make sure it is not shallow

2
Q

Mydriatics and sympathomimetics

A

Myd - tropicamide, cyclopentolate, atropine…inhibit constrictor

Sympatho - phenyleprhine…activate dilator

use combo of tropicamiude and phenyleprhine

3
Q

Kinetic test

A

Moving points of light of different size and luminance

4
Q

Static visual fields

A

Patient views stationary that increase in luminance unti lperceived

5
Q

Retrochiasmal defects will always

A

Respect the vertical midline

More posterior means more congruent

6
Q

Comitant strabismus

A

Eyes track together

7
Q

Paralytic wstrabismus

A

Deviation changes in magnitude depending on the gaze

8
Q

Esotropia
Exotropia
Hypertropia
Hypotropia

A

Cross eye
Wall eye
Deviate down
Deviate up

9
Q

Cover test for strabismus

A

Look for the strabismus to correct when unaffected eye covered

10
Q

INfantile esotropia

A

4-6 months

Surgery

11
Q

Astigmatism
Myopia
Hyperopia

A

Correct with cylindrical lens
Near-sighted…correct iwht concave
Far sighted…correct iwth convex

12
Q

Accommodative esotropia

A

2-4 yrs
Associated with high hyperopic refractive error
Correct with glasses

13
Q

Abducens palsy

A

Horizontal diplopia
Limited abduction
Incomitant esotropia….deivation increases as muscle tried to be used

14
Q

Trochlear palsy

A

Vertical diplopia
Head tilt away from eye
Small ipsi hypertropia

15
Q

3rd nerve palsy

A

Complete pstosis
Down and out
Dilated pupil

16
Q

Efferent pupillary defect cause

A

3rd nerve palsy

17
Q

Affarent pupillary defect cause

A

Optic nerve atrophy
Retinal detachment
Retinal artery occlusion

18
Q

Vascular supply of optic nerve

A

Central retinal arteyr and vein enter on nasal side

Cilioretinal artery from choroidal vasculature

19
Q

Gluacoma findings

A

Optic nerve cupping
Increased intraocular pressure
visual field loss

20
Q

Open angle glaucoma and tx

A

Painless, progressive loss of vision

Tx with argon laser trabeculoplasty - laser bruns to trabecular meshwork
Filatration surgery/tube shunt in scler

21
Q

Closed glaucoma

A

SHallow anterior chamber angle leads to impeded flow of aqueous humor through the pupil

22
Q

Gonioscopy

A

Allows view of AC angle

23
Q

Symptoms of closure glaucoma

A

Blurred vison with halos and pain…N/V

24
Q

What to look for in closure glaucoma

A

Red eye with corneal haze

Tx with iridotomy

25
Q

Diabetic retinopathy visual impariment and tx

A

Macular edema, neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment

Anti-VEGF

26
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Separation of retina from pigment epithelium due to retinal tear allowing fluid beneath the retina

27
Q

Retinoblastoma

A

White pupil and decreased vision

Great prognosis