Ivermectin Flashcards Preview

RUSVM Toxicology 2016 > Ivermectin > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ivermectin Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is Ivermectin?

A

Macrocyclic Lactone

2
Q

What dog breeds are susceptible to Ivermectin?

A

Collies and Collie crosses

3
Q

What are the types of Ivermectin?

A

Avermectins

Milbemycins

4
Q

What is Ivermectin used for?

A

Ectoparasites

Heartworm prevention

5
Q

Where can you potentially find a large amount that could be a source of Ivermectin for dogs?

A

Horse feces

6
Q

What is the saying for Ivermectin treatment?

A

“White Feet, Don’t Treat”

7
Q

What is the mutation in collies that is associated with Ivermectin?

A

ABCB1/MDR1 mutation - eflux pump in the BBB (p-glycoprotein)

8
Q

Ivermectin toxicokinetics

A

Absorbed orally
Does not cross the BBB
metabolism in the liver
excreted unchanged in the feces

9
Q

What is the elimination half life of Ivermectin?

A

2 days

10
Q

Ivermectin Mechanism of Action

A

Act as GABA agonist

Binding to glycine and voltage gated chloride channels in overdose situations

11
Q

Clinical signs of Ivermectin toxicosis?

A
CNS depression 
Disorientation 
stupor 
ataxia 
hyperesthesia 
hypersalivation 
vocalization 
progressive weakness
recumbency 
coma 
death 
Mydriasis 
cortical blindness 
hyperthermia 
vomiting 
drooling 
seizures
12
Q

Diagnosis of Ivermectin toxicosis?

A

Sample liver, body fat, GI contents, feces, serum

13
Q

Treatment of Ivermectin toxicosis?

A

Decontamination: Emesis, Activated Charcoal
IV Lipid therapy
Supportive care

14
Q

What drugs are used for treatment of Ivermectin toxicosis?

A

Physostigmine
Flumazenil - tested in rats
Picrotoxin- risk of seizures

15
Q

What drugs should you be cautious with in treating Ivermectin toxicosis?

A

GABA agonists (diazepam, barbiturates, propofol)

16
Q

What is the prognosis of Ivermectin toxicosis?

A

Depends on exposure and ability to pay for care