Joints of Upper Limb Flashcards Preview

BM1 Anatomy: Michealmas > Joints of Upper Limb > Flashcards

Flashcards in Joints of Upper Limb Deck (31)
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1
Q

What joints are in the shoulder girdle?

A

sternoclavicular

acromioclavicular

2
Q

What does the sternoclavicular joint involve?

A

Medial end of the clavicle and upper lateral edge of manubrium of sternum

3
Q

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

an atypical synovial joint where surfaces are covered by fibrocartilage

4
Q

What is the sternoclavicular joint renforced by?

A

anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments, costoclavicular ligament

5
Q

Describe the acromioclavicular joint?

A

synovial
weakly encapsulated
stabilised by coracoclavicular and acromioclavicular ligaments

6
Q

Why is dislocation of joints in the shoulder girdle uncommon?

A

They transmit little of the force associated with upper limb movements

7
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A

ball and socket synovial

8
Q

What is the glenoid labrum?

A

rim of fibrocartilage attached to cavity margins of glenohumeral joint

9
Q

What ligaments add stability to the glenohumeral joint?

A

Three glenohumeral ligaments and coracohumeral ligament

10
Q

What is the subarcomial bursa?

A

synovial cavity below the acromion

11
Q

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

A

synovial hinge

12
Q

What does the elbow joint consist of?

A

Articulations between:

  • trochlea of humerus and the trochlear notch of ulna
  • capitulum of humerus and head of radius
  • head of radius and radial notch
13
Q

What is the capsule of the elbow joint reinforced by?

A

lateral and medial ligaments (radial and ulnar collateral ligaments)

14
Q

What is the radio-ulnar joint held together by?

A

Annular ligament which allows rotation of radial head on ulna

15
Q

How can the elbow joint be affected by fall onto outstretched hand?

A

Posterior dislocation

16
Q

What joints are there in the forearm and wrist?

A

Proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints

Radio-carpal joint

17
Q

What type of joints are the radio-ulnar joints?

A

synovial pivot joints

18
Q

What does the proximal radio-ulnar joint compromise of?

A

head of radius and radial notch of ulna

19
Q

What does the distal radio-ulnar joint compromise of?

A

ulnar notch of radius and head of ulna

20
Q

What type of joint is the radio-carpal joint?

A

synovial ellipsoid

21
Q

What is the radio-carpal joint compromised of?

A

Distal end of radius and intra-articular disc articulating with proximal row of carpal bones

22
Q

What ligaments strengthen radio-carpal joint?

A

radial and ulnar collateral ligaments and dorsal and palmar ligaments

23
Q

Describe flexor retinaculum?

A
  • ligament
  • bridges concavity of carpal bones
  • retains flexor tendons
  • runs from scaphoid, trapezium to pisiform and hook of hamate
24
Q

What merges with flexor retinaculum?

A

protective palmar aponeurosis from tendon of palmaris longus

25
Q

What runs across the back of the wrist?

A

extensor retinaculum

26
Q

Which of flexor and extensor retinaculum is thinner?

A

Extensor

27
Q

Where does extensor retinaculum run?

A

from pisiform, hook of hamte to radius

28
Q

What joints are in the hand?

A

intercarpal
carpo-metacarpal
metacarpo-phalageal
interphalageal

29
Q

What type of joints are intercarpal joints?

A

plane synovial

30
Q

Which joint allows opposition of the thumb?

A

carpo-metacarpal joint between trapezium and 1st metacarpal

synovial saddle joint

31
Q

What type of joints are metacarpo-phalageal joints?

A

condylar synovial joints, allowing side to side movement