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Flashcards in Key Terms Deck (24)
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1
Q

Acid

A

a substance that liberates hydrogen ions (H+) when in solution

2
Q

Activated Charcoal

A

a powder, usually premixed with water, that will absorb (bind) some poisons and help prevent them from being absorbed by the body.

3
Q

Addiction

A

compulsive and overwhelming dependence on a drug; an addiction may be physiological dependence, a psychological dependence, or both.

4
Q

Alkali

A

a substance that liberates hydroxyl ions (OH-) when in solution; a strong base.

5
Q

Antidote

A

a substance that will neutralize a specific toxin or counteract it effect on the body.

6
Q

Decontamination

A

the process of minimizing toxicity by reducing the amount of toxin absorbed into the body.

7
Q

Delirium Tremens

A

disorder found I habitual and excessive users of alcoholic beverages after cessation of drinking for 48-72 hours. Patients experience visual, tactile, and auditory disturbances. Death my result in server cases.

8
Q

Drug Overdose

A

poisoning from a pharmocological substance in excess of that usually prescribed or that the body can tolerate.

9
Q

Enterotoxin

A

an exotoxin that produces gastrointestinal symptoms and diseases such as food poisoning.

10
Q

Exotoxin

A

removing an ingested poison by repeatedly filling and emptying the stomach with water or saline via a gastric tube; also known as “pumping the stomach.”

11
Q

Gastric Lavage

A

removing an ingested poison by repeatedly filling and emptying the stomach with water or saline via a gastric tube; also known as “pumping the stomach.”

12
Q

Ingestions

A

entry of a substance into the body through the gastrointestinal tract

13
Q

Inhalation

A

entry of a substance into the body through the respiratory tract.

14
Q

Injection

A

entry of a substance into the body through a break in the skin.

15
Q

Organophosphates

A

phosphorus-containing organic chemicals.

16
Q

Substance Abuse

A

use of a pharmacological substance for purposes other than medically defined reasons.

17
Q

Surface Absorption

A

entry of a substance into the body directly through the skin or mucous membrane.

18
Q

Therapeutic Index

A

the maximum tolerated dose divided by the minimum curative dose of a drug; the range between curative and toxic dosages; also called therapeutic window.

19
Q

Tolerance

A

the need to progressively increase the dose of a drug to reproduce the effect originally achieved by smaller doses.

20
Q

Toxicology

A

study of the detection, chemistry, pharmacological actions, and antidotes of toxic substances.

21
Q

Toxidrome

A

a toxic syndrome; a group of typical signs and symptoms consistently associated with exposure to a particular type of toxin.

22
Q

Toxin

A

any chemical (drug, poison, or other) that causes adverse effects on an organism that is exposed to it.

23
Q

Whole Bowel Irrigation

A

administration of polyethylene glycol continuously at 1-2 L/hr through a nasogastric tube until the effluent is clear or objects are recovered.

24
Q

Withdrawal

A

referring to alcohol or drug withdrawal in which the patient’s body reacts severely when deprived of the abused substance.