Knee Joint

Question 1

What is anterior and superior parts of the knee joint?

Answer 1

Quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon

Question 2

What are the three separate articulations?

Answer 2

Femoropatellar and two femorotibial

Question 3

What does not articulate with the knee joint?

Answer 3

Fibula

Question 4

What are the capsule attachments anteriorly?

Answer 4

Fuses with quadriceps tendon, patella and ligamentum patellae

Question 5

What are the capsule attachments posteriorly?

Answer 5

Encloses intercondylar fossa of femur; open posterior to lateral condyle of tibia for popliteus muscle

Question 6

What covers the inner surface of the fat pads on either side of the patellar ligament?

Answer 6

Medial and lateral alar folds

Question 7

What are synovial attachments?

Answer 7

Alar folds and Infrapatellar synovial fold

Question 8

What are in communication with the synovial cavity of the knee joint?

Answer 8

Suprapatellar, Gastrocnemius, Semimembranosus and popliteus

Question 9

What are the extracapsular ligaments?

Answer 9

Oblique Popliteal, Arcuate Popliteal and Medial & Lateral collateral

Question 10

What are the intracapsular ligaments?

Answer 10

Anterior and posterior cruciate

Question 11

What is the oblique popliteal ligament?

Answer 11

Expansion of Semimembranosus tendon which reinforces posterior capsule

Question 12

What is the arcuate ligament?

Answer 12

Thickening of capsule over popliteus

Question 13

What is the function of the arcuate ligament?

Answer 13

Strengthens posterolateral joint capsule

Question 14

What is the medial collateral ligament?

Answer 14

Strong, flat thickening of capsule

Question 15

What is the proximal attachment of the medial collateral ligament?

Answer 15

Medial epicondyle of femur

Question 16

What is the distal attachment of the medial collateral ligament?

Answer 16

Medial condyle and superior medial surface of tibia

Question 17

What do the deep fibres of the medial collateral ligament attach to?

Answer 17

Medial meniscus

Question 18

What is the lateral collateral ligament like?

Answer 18

Strong and cord like

Question 19

What is the proximal attachment of the lateral collateral ligament?

Answer 19

Lateral epicondyle of femur

Question 20

What is the distal attachment of the lateral collateral ligament?

Answer 20

Lateral head of fibula

Question 21

The tendon of biceps femoris is split into?

Answer 21

Two

Question 22

What are taut in every joint position?

Answer 22

Cruciate ligaments

Question 23

What do the cruciate ligaments do?

Answer 23

Maintain contact between femoral and tibial articular surfaces when knee is flexed

Question 24

When do the cruciate ligaments wind around each other?

Answer 24

During medial rotation of the tibia limited to 10 degrees

Question 25

What is the function of the posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 25

Prevents the femur from sliding anteriorly on the tibia, particularly when the knee is flexed

Question 26

What is the function of the anterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 26

Prevents the femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia, preventing hypertension of the knee, and limits medial rotation of the femur when the foot is planted

Question 27

What is the proximal attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 27

Anterior intercondylar area of tibia

Question 28

What is the distal attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 28

Medial side of lateral condyle of femur

Question 29

What degrees does the anterior cruciate ligament spiral through?

Answer 29

110 degrees between tibia and femur

Question 30

What does the anteriomedial band do in the anterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 30

Limits flexion

Question 31

What does the posterolateral band do in the anterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 31

Limits extension

Question 32

What is the proximal attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 32

Posterior intercondylar area of tibia

Question 33

What is the distal attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 33

Lateral side of medial condyle of femur

Question 34

Where is the posterior cruciate ligament aligned?

Answer 34

Close to centre of rotation the knee

Question 35

What does the anterolateral band do in the posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 35

Limits flexion

Question 36

What does the posteromedial band do in the posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 36

Limits extension

Question 37

What are menisci?

Answer 37

Wedges of fibrocartilage

Question 38

What is the function of menisci?

Answer 38

Shock absorption

Question 39

Describe medial meniscus

Answer 39

C-shaped, broad posteriorly and firmly attached to TCL

Question 40

Describe lateral meniscus

Answer 40

Circular, Freely movable and attachment of popliteus