Lab Quiz 2/5 Flashcards Preview

Neuroanatomy Exam 1 > Lab Quiz 2/5 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lab Quiz 2/5 Deck (27)
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1
Q

Which of these arteries is considered a major supply of blood to the brain?

a. Posterior Interior Cerebellar Artery
b. Internal Carotid
c. Vertebral
d. Midsagittal Sinus
e. All of these are major arteries

A

b. Internal Carotid

c. Vertebral

2
Q

Which 5 arteries make up the circle of Willis?

A
  1. Posterior Communicating
  2. Posterior Cerebral
  3. Anterior Communicating
  4. Anterior Cerebral
  5. Internal Carotid
3
Q

Out of the 5 arteries that make up the circle of Willis, which are involved in anterior circulation and which are involved in posterior circulation?

A

Anterior: Anterior Communicating, Anterior Cerebral, and the Internal Carotid
Posterior: Posterior Communicating, and Posterior Cerebral

4
Q

Why does the structure of the circle of Willis helps potentially protect from brain damage due to reduced blood flow to certain parts of the brain?

A

Collateral Circulation

5
Q

The right and left vertebral arteries converge near the brainstem to form what artery?

A

Basilar

6
Q

What are the 3 layers of the meninges from deepest to most superficial?

A

Pia, Arachnoid, and Dura

7
Q

Which layer contains venous sinuses?

A

Dura

8
Q

What is the space where CSF flows?

A

Subarachnoid Space

9
Q

What layer of the meninges is the subarachnoid space under?

A

Arachnoid

10
Q

Which of these is a function of CSF?

A

Support for brain

11
Q

Trace the flow of CSF from its production cite to its re-entry to the venous system:

A
  1. Choroid Plexus
  2. Lateral Ventricle
  3. Foramen of Monroe
  4. 3rd Ventricle
  5. Cerebral Aqueduct
  6. 4th Ventricle
  7. Foramen of Luschka/Foramen of Magendie
  8. Subarachnoid space
  9. Cisterns
  10. Arachnoid vila
  11. Dural sinuses
12
Q

Which sinus is located on top of the brain, and is a common site of CSF re-entry?

A

Superior Sagittal Sinus

13
Q

T or F: You can observe lateral ventricles from a midsagital view of the brain.

A

False

14
Q

What is white matter made of?

A

Myelinated axons

15
Q

What glial cells make the myelin sheaths in the PNS and CNS?

A
  1. Schwann Cells (PNS)

2. Oligodendrocytes (CNS)

16
Q

What are microglial cells, and what is their function?

A

Phagocytes/Scavengers, that rapidly mobilize and activate cells in response to pathological conditions.
Made of White Blood Cells.

17
Q

The Corpus Callosum is made of what type of fibers?

A

White, commissural fibers

18
Q

The fibers running from the eyes back to the brain are made of what type of fibers?

A

Projection fibers

19
Q

T or F: Association fibers cross over to communicate between the brain hemispheres.

A

False.

20
Q

What is the standard resting potential for neurons?

A

-60 mV

21
Q

What is the difference between graded potentials and action potentials?

A

Graded Potentials don’t reach threshold.

22
Q

How does the sodium-potassium pump maintain resting membrane potential?

A

The pump puts two potassium in the cell and 3 sodium out of the cell.

23
Q

T or F: There is a higher concentration of sodium outside the cell than inside the cell.

A

True.

24
Q

Choose the option(s) associated with K gates:

a. Their opening triggers the falling stage of an action potential
b. They are slower to open and to close than sodium voltage gated channels
c. They are responsible for hyperpolarization
d. All of these are true.

A

d. All of these are true.

25
Q

Where is there a high concentration of sodium voltage-gated channels on the axon?

A

Axon Hillock

26
Q

Why can’t you have a second action potential immediately following the first?

A

Because the sodium channels close really quickly and go into an inactive state.

27
Q

Why does myelination make action potentials propagate down the axon faster?

A

Because they can jump over myelin sheaths to the nodes of Ranvier.