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Flashcards in Lab techniques Deck (17)
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1
Q

What examples of standard molecular techniques?

A

Karyotyping
Blotting
Sangar sequencing
PCR

2
Q

What does karyotyping allow to find?

A

Translocation
application and deletion
ploidy

3
Q

What phase of the cell in karyotyping done?

A

M phase

4
Q

What does FISH allow that Karyotyping doesn’t?

A

more sensitive
probes can find specific DNA sequences
Can use interface chromosomes

5
Q

What is Comparative genomic hybridisation?

A

Type of karyotyping. Raddiolables for normal and tumour DNA. shows where the present of tumour sequences on chromosomes or in an array.

6
Q

What is blotting?

A

taking of DNA/RNA/ protein and using electrophoresis

7
Q

What type of blotting uses protein?

A

Western

8
Q

What does southern blotting?

A

DNA analysis, can show presence of specific gene.

9
Q

What does Northern blotting?

A

RNA analysis, shows gene expression and protein size

10
Q

What are the stages of PCR?

A
  1. Denaturation
  2. Annealing
  3. Extension
  4. Completion
11
Q

What can PCR be used for?

A

Amplification

Presence of minimal residual disease

12
Q

What examples of advanced techniques are there?

A

Qualitative PCR
droplet digitalPCR
Microarray
next generation sequencing

13
Q

What is the advantage of quantitive PCR?

A

Real time quantification of DNA with every cycle

14
Q

How can a PCR be quantitive?

A

Florescent probes show conc of DNA. Exponential phase of DNA product increase is proportion to the initial input DNA.

15
Q

What disease is quatitivative PCR use full in?

A

BCR-ABL (Philadelphia chromosome) can be used to monitor leakaemia

16
Q

Explain how droplet digital PCR

A

First PCR
then droplets with fourescent probes attached
Flourescence measured

17
Q

How is a DNA microarray performed?

A
  • Many DNA probes on array
  • Hybridisation of array with sample DNA
  • array read for probes