Lec 14: Approach to Patients with Neuromuscular Disorders Flashcards Preview

[OS 211] Exam 1 Carlos Cluster > Lec 14: Approach to Patients with Neuromuscular Disorders > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lec 14: Approach to Patients with Neuromuscular Disorders Deck (23)
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1
Q
The following are features of UMN lesions EXCEPT:
A. spasticity
B. decreased muscle tone
C. increased reflexes
D. minimal atrophy
E. absent fasciculations
A

B. muscle tone should be increased

2
Q
The following are features of UMN lesions EXCEPT:
A. normal/decreased reflexes 
B. decreased muscle tone
C. flaccid muscle weakness
D. profound muscle atrophy
E. absent fasciculations
A

E. fasciculations are usually present

3
Q

clinical hallmark of myasthenia gravis

A

fatiguable muscle weakness

4
Q

muscle fibers are replaced by fat and connective tissue resulting in muscle weakness

A

calf-muscle pseudohypertrophy

5
Q

deformity caused by peroneal muscle atrophy

A

stork leg deformity (characteristic finding in Charcot Marie Tooth disease)

6
Q

patients with pelvic girdle weakness stand up from a sitting position by protruding their hips and straighten their legs

A

Gower’s sign

7
Q

average grip strength in males

A

48-52kg

8
Q

average grip strength in females

A

26-30kg

9
Q

most important blood examination to determine a muscle lesion

A

CK test

10
Q

autoantibody test for myasthenia gravis

A

Anti-AChR antibody

11
Q

nerve conduction findings seen in axonal abnormalities

A

reduction in compund motor action potentials

12
Q

nerve conduction findings in demyelinating injuries

A

prolonged latency, decreased nerve conduction velocities

13
Q

a peripheral nerve is stimulated repetitively at rates of 2-5Hz

A

Repetitive nerve stimulation

14
Q

EMG finding in myopathies

A

small motor unit action potentials with low amplitude

15
Q

EMG finding in neuropathies

A

prolonged MUAP and increase in amplitude

16
Q

EMG finding for myasthenia gravis

A

jitters on single fiber EMG

17
Q

Most sensitive test for MG

A

single fiber EMG

18
Q

CT scan finding for Distal Myopathy with Rimmed Vacuoles

A

marked hypodensity of tibialis anterior muscles

19
Q

CT scan finding for Miyoshi Myopathy

A

affected gastrocnemius and soleus muscles

20
Q

pharmacologic test used for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

A

edrophonium chloride/tensilon test

21
Q

specimens for muscle biopsy are usually taken from where?

A

biceps beacuse they have equal ratio of type 1, 2A, 2B

22
Q

histological features of segmental demyelination

A

onion bulb formation

23
Q

histological feature of wallerian/axonal degeneration

A

myelin ovoids