Lec 17: Pathology of Ischemic Heart Diseases Flashcards Preview

[OS 213] CVS Trans Cluster 1 > Lec 17: Pathology of Ischemic Heart Diseases > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lec 17: Pathology of Ischemic Heart Diseases Deck (10)
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1
Q

What is ischemia?

A

imbalance between supply and demand of the heart

2
Q

What is the difference between ischemia and hypoxia?

A

Ischemia - insufficient blood flow to provide adequate oxygenation
hypoxia - reduced oxygen in tissue, can occur without ischemia (ex. anemia)

3
Q

What are the conditions that influence the supply of blood?

A

atherosclerosis and thrombosis, thromboemboli, coronary artery spasm, collateral blood vessels, BP, CO

4
Q

What are the conditions that influence the ability of oxygen in the blood?

A

anemia, shift in the hemoglobin-dissociation curve, carbon monoxide, cyanide

5
Q

What conditions may cause an increase in cardiac workload?

A

hypertension, valvular stenosis, hyperthyroidism, fever, thiamine deficiency, catecholamines

6
Q

What is fixed obstruction?

A

> 75% of the lumen is blocked

7
Q

Which coronary artery is most commonly affected by thrombosis?

A

Left Anterior Descending

8
Q

What are the different types of angina?

A

stable angina- due to chronic disease, alleviated by rest
prinzmetal angina - angina at rest caused by coronary spasms, alleviated by nitroglycerin
unstable angina - angina at rest caused by disruption of a plaque, increasing intensity of pain, leads to MI

9
Q

What are the risk factors for coronary artery disease?

A
  1. systemic hypertension
  2. cigarette smoking
  3. diabetes mellitus
  4. elevated blood cholesterol
10
Q

What are the risk factors for ischemic heart disease?

A
Heredity
Age
Sex
Lipidemia
Increased weight
Pressure
Diabetes
Smoking