Lecture 1 - Intro/Strokes Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 1 - Intro/Strokes Deck (17)
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1
Q
match time-course to etiology:
seconds to minutes = 
hours to days/weeks = 
weeks to months/years = 
months to years =
A

vascular;
infection;
neoplasm;
degenerative/demyelinating

2
Q

absence of facial expression is seen in what condition, clasically?
what about vascular nevi in the distribution of a branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

parkinson’s;

sturge-weber

3
Q

what is considered a normal score on the mini-mental exam?

A

greater than 24/30

4
Q

name the 4 most vulnerable ares of the CNS to hypoxia

A

hippocampus (pyramidal neurons);
neocortex (pyramidal neurons in layers 3, 5, 6);
cerebellum (purkinje);
watershed areas

5
Q

ischemic stroke:
first histological sign?
after 4 weeks, there is a ____ space with _____

A
red neurons (eiosinophillic);
cystic, reactive gliosis
6
Q

name 2 causes of embolic stroke:

what kind of infarct is seen with this?

A

Afib; DVT with patent foramen ovale or ASD;

hemorrhagic

7
Q

a thrombotic stroke occurs due to _____:

causes a ____ infarct

A

ruptured atherosclerotic plaque;

pale

8
Q

what kind of necrosis do ischemic strokes cause?

A

liquefactive

9
Q

treatment of ischemic stroke

A

tPa

maybe anti-coagulants

10
Q

what do you call focal ischemia with symptoms that last less than 24 hours?

A

transient ischemic attack

11
Q

2 types of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease:

A

intracerebral/parenchymal; subarachnoid

12
Q

intracerebral hemorrhage:
caused by _____ secondary to diabetes or ______.
typically occurs in _____ and internal capsule

A

hyaline arteriolosclerosis,
HTN;
basal ganglia

13
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhage:
usually due to _____;
classic symptom?

A

rupture of aneursym;

“Worst headache of my life”

14
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhage:

____ or ____ spinal tap; ____ can occur 4-10 days after hemorrhage due to vasospams

A

bloody or yellow (From bilirubin);

ischemic stroke

15
Q

2 other causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage, besides aneurysm rupture:

A

AVM, trauma

16
Q

most common site of berry aneurysm?

why do aneurysms occur at bifurcations?

A

junction of ACom and ACA;

no media in blood vessel here

17
Q

charcot-bouchard microaneurysms classically occur in ____ arteries. cause ____ infarct

A

lenticulostriate;

lacunar