Lecture 13 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 13 Deck (21)
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1
Q

Historical Extinction

A

ex. dodo birds were hunted to extinction

2
Q

Island Fauna Extinction

A

ex. snakes were introduced on an island unintentionally and eliminated 13 species of birds on an island

3
Q

Extinction of once abundant fauna

A

ex. very abundant species of birds that were killed for food and never regenerated their species

4
Q

Disease Related extinction

A

ex. species of frogs went extinct due to an introduction of pathogen

5
Q

Extinction of biological phenomena

A

ex. bisons used to play a big role in ecosystems but they got hunted out of nature

6
Q

Cichlid Fish Example

A

-Nile perch was introduced into Lake Victoria which would eat anything, producing the largest mass extinction of contemporary species, over 200 species went extinct

7
Q

Consequences of Nile Perch in Lake Victoria

A
  • initially provided a lot of food and jobs
  • lead to deforestation because of the wood needed to dry the perch
  • fish are smaller now because of the decrease in food for the fish, leading in fisheries closing
8
Q

Fossils

A

physical trace left by an organism that lived in the past

9
Q

Fossil Record

A

total collection of fossils that have been found throughout the world

10
Q

Habitat Bias

A

some fossils were preserved better in certain environments

11
Q

Taxonomic bias

A

organisms with hard body parts

12
Q

Temporal bias

A

better in modern times

13
Q

abundance bias

A

overrepresentation of things that were abundant

14
Q

Causes of Cambrian Explosion: environmental change

A

increased oxygen concentration in atmosphere, increased thickness of ozone layer, flooding of continental shelves, increase calcium in oceans

15
Q

Causes of Cambrian Explosion: Ecosystem Engineering

A

animals changed their environment, opening up novel ecological niches

16
Q

Paleozoic Era

A

terminated by mass extinction

17
Q

Mesozoic Era

A
  • age of reptiles
  • saw rise and dominance of dinosaurs
  • ended with extinction of the dinosaurs except birds
18
Q

Differential Survival

A

some evolutionary lineages were better able than others to withstand the environmental change brought on by the meteorite impact

19
Q

Cenozoic Era

A
  • age of mammals
  • mammals diversified after the disappearance of dinosaurs
  • 65.5 million years ago to present
20
Q

Embryonic Axes

A

during development a radially symmetric embryo develops into a bilateral symmetric adult

21
Q

Modularity

A

development of repetitive features of the adult body is orchestrated by similar sets of genes and genetic interactions