Lecture 26 - Fungi

Question 1

Are fungi more closely related to plants or animals?

Answer 1

animals

Question 2

Are fungi heterotrophic or autotrophic?

Answer 2

heterotrophic

Question 3

How do fungi acquire food?

Answer 3

through absorption using exoenzymes

Question 4

What are fungi composed of?

Answer 4

hyphae

Question 5

What do hyphae form/

Answer 5

mycelium

Question 6

What are two “forms” of fungi?

Answer 6

• can have septa dividing cells and truly be multicellular

- coenocytic with one cytoplasm and many nuclei

Question 7

What are 3 forms of fungal nutrition?

Answer 7

1. parasitic
2. mutualistic (mycorrhizae or lichens)
3. decomposers

Question 8

How are fungi parasitic?

Answer 8

-can use penetrating mycelium or historia in order to take nutrients from hosts

Question 9

What are 4 forms of fungal life?

Answer 9

1. molds
2. yeast
3. lichens
4. mycorrhizae

Question 10

What are molds?

Answer 10

• asexual

- rapidly growing

Question 11

What are yeasts?

Answer 11

• unicellular fungi in moist environments

- includes imperfect fungi (only is asexual)

Question 12

What are lichens?

Answer 12

• symbiotic relationship between fungi + photosynthetic microorganisms
• live in extreme environments

Question 13

What are mycorrhizae?

Answer 13

• symbiotic relationship between plants

- fungi increase increase SA on plant roots

Question 14

What is the first step of the sexual phase?

Answer 14

• two parent mycelium fuse together without nuclei
• combining plasmogamy
• leads to heterokaryotic stage

Question 15

What is the second step of the sexual phase?

Answer 15

-parent nuclei combine Karogamy

Question 16

What is the third step of the sexual phase?

Answer 16

• goes through meiosis
• creates spore producing structures (haploid)
• can germinate to form mycelium

Question 17

What happens in the asexual stage?

Answer 17

-mycelium can produce spore producing structures that can germinate and continue to be haploid

Question 18

Chytridiomycota

Answer 18

• flagellated zoospores
• most closely related to protists
• causes devastating disease in amphibeans

Question 19

Zygomycota

Answer 19

Zygote fungi form resistant structures during sexual reproduction

Question 20

Glomeromycota

Answer 20

all species are mycorrhizal

Question 21

Ascomycota

Answer 21

Classified by long heterokaryotic phase with ascocarp

Question 22

Basidiomycota

Answer 22

mushrooms, shelf fungi, puffballs, super long dikaryotic phase

Question 23

How does most yeast reproduction occur?

Answer 23

budding

Question 24

Saprobic fungi

Answer 24

absorb nutrients form nonliving organisms