Lecture 28 - Plants II Flashcards

1
Q

How did seeds change the course of plant evolution?

A

enabled bearers to become the dominant producers in most terrestrial ecosystems

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2
Q

What is a seed?

A

consists of a an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat

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3
Q

What else are common to seed plants? (5 derived traits of seed plants)

A
  1. reduced gametophytes
  2. heterospory
  3. ovules
  4. pollen
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4
Q

What does reduced gametophytes mean?

A

microscopic male + female gametophytes nourished + protected by sporophyte (2n)

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5
Q

What does heterospory mean?

A
  • microspore (gives rise to male gametophyte)

- megaspore (gives rise to a female gametophyte)

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6
Q

What is pollen?

A

pollen grains make water unnecessary for fertilization

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7
Q

What is a characteristic of seeds?

A
  • survive better than unprotected spores

- can be transported long distances

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8
Q

ancestors of seed plants likely ______ while seed plants are _______

A

-homosporous, hetersporous

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9
Q

What produced megaspores?

A

megasporangia

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10
Q

What produces microspores?

A

microsporangia

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11
Q

What is an ovule?

A

consists of a megasporanium, megaspore, one or more protective integuments

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12
Q

How many integuments does gymnosperm megasporangia have?

A

one

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13
Q

How many integuments does angiosperm megasporangia have?

A

two

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14
Q

What do microspores develop into?

A

pollen grains

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15
Q

What are pollen grains?

A

contain the male gametophytes

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