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Flashcards in Lecture 3 Deck (18)
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1
Q

Pure tone audiometry

A

Threshold of hearing across the frequency range measured in dB SPL

2
Q

Air conduction

A

Via earphone or sound field speaker

Measures the response of the whole auditory system

3
Q

Bone conduction

A

Via bone conductor/vibrator
Measures response of the cochlea
Any sound presented to one ear by BC will be heard by the better cochlea

4
Q

Air bone gap

A

If the bone conduction results match the air conduction results, that is considered sensorineural hearing loss. The ear canal isn’t effecting the results at all, it’s most likely generating in the cochlea or auditory nerve
If bone conduction is better than the air conduction results (> 10 dB), then the cochlea is functioning fine and the problem is in the middle or outer ear (conductive hearing loss)
If mixed results, then there is mixed hearing loss

5
Q

Threshold

A

The level at which subject can just hear the tone 50% of the time
Or
The lowest level at which subject responds twice or three times

6
Q

Interaural attenuation

A

An amount by which the sound loses energy as it crosses the skull
Depends on whether the sound is introduced by supra aural phones (at least 40 dB) or inserts (at least 60 dB)

7
Q

Cross over

A

When high enough levels or sound are presented to one ear and it exceed the IA, the signal crosses over
We can isolate the non-test ear by putting masking noise into it

8
Q

Masking

A

Carefully controlled amount of noise with specific acoustic characteristics, introduced to the non test ear when IA has been exceeded
- just covers frequency that’s being tested
Happens for bone conduction much more often
Mask for AC when AC threshold in test ear - IA > unmasked BC threshold
Narrow band noise for pure tone, speech noise for speech tests

9
Q

Right ear masked threshold

A

Means the right ear is being tested, left ear is being masked

10
Q

Over masking or masking dilemma

A

In bilateral conductive hearing loss of a moderate degree or greater, it may be impossible to put enough masking into the non-test ea, without the noise itself crossing back over to the test ear

11
Q

Acute otitis media

A

Middle ear infection, red irritated ear drum

12
Q

Otitis media with effusion

A

There’s fluid sitting behind the ear drum

13
Q

PE tube

A

Too much persistent fluid, to provide ventilation because Eustachian tube isn’t working properly

14
Q

Tympanosclerosis

A

Scaring on the tympanic membrane

15
Q

Exostoses

A

Bony growth in the ear canal

Surfers ear, more common in people who are constantly exposed to colder water

16
Q

Preauricular sinus

A

Little hole in the front of the ear, associated with high rates of hearing loss

17
Q

Microtia with atresia

A

Small pinna

Ear canal is closed off

18
Q

Ear tags

A

Higher rate of hearing loss

Shows that there is higher chance of problems with ear structure