Lecture 9 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 9 Deck (15)
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1
Q

Reasons for Sexual Selection

A
  • eggs are more energetic than sperm and more costly to produce, resulting in the females investing more in the offspring
  • should be stronger in males because they have to compete for female
2
Q

Female Choice

A

females choose mates on the basis of

  1. physical characteristics that signal male genetic quality
  2. resources or parental care provided by males
3
Q

Male-Male competition

A

females have no choice, males compete for the female

4
Q

Honest Advertising Example

A

beak color of male zebra finches is more colorful based on nutrition, and females prefer colourful beaks

5
Q

Example of Nuptial Gifts

A

preying mantis’ mate and the female eates the male to get nutrition for the offspring

6
Q

example of Sensory Exploitation

A

-male spiders have furry legs which females like, pre existing bias that females like furry legs

7
Q

Species

A

evolutionarily independent population of group of populations

8
Q

Biological Species Concept

A
  • assigns individuals to the same species if the actually or potentially interbreed
  • populations are evolutionarily independent if they are reproductively isolated
9
Q

Prezygotic mechanisms of reproductive isolation

A

temporal: breed at different times
habitat: bred in different habitats
behavioural: courtship displays differ
gametic barrier: eggs and sperm are incompatible
mechanical: male and female genitalia is incompatible

10
Q

Mechanisms of reproductive isolation: Post zygotic

A

Hybrid Viability: hybrids die as embryos

Hybrid Sterility: offspring mature by are sterile as adults

11
Q

Prezygotic Isolation

A

individuals of different species are prevented from mating

12
Q

Post zygotic Isolation

A

individuals from different populations do mate, but the hybrid offspring produced either have low fitness/sterility or don’t survive

13
Q

Morphospecies Concept

A

species are distinguished by differences in size, shape, or other morphological features
-based on the idea that distinguishing features are most likely to arise if evolutionary lineages do not have gene flow

14
Q

Phylogenetic Species Concept

A

-based on reconstructing the evolutionary history of populations

15
Q

Monophyletic group

A

group of organisms that contain all of the descendants of their most recent ancestor