Lesson 4 Mitosis and meiosis Flashcards Preview

Bio Lab I > Lesson 4 Mitosis and meiosis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lesson 4 Mitosis and meiosis Deck (29)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

cell cycle

A

mitosis –> g1 –> s –> g2 (everything is interphase)

2
Q

chromosome structure prophase and telophase

A

end is telomere, centre is centromere and there is only one strand that is called both chromatid and chromosome

3
Q

chromosome structure metaphase

A

end is telomere, centre is centromere and there is two strands. one strand is the chromatid and the full thing is the chromosome

4
Q

mitosis makes

A

identical cells

5
Q

PMAT for mitosis

A
P: chromosomes get more visible
M: move to middle plate in single file
A: sister chromatids move apart 
T: nuclei reform
*C: splitting of cytoplasm
6
Q

diploid

A

two copies of DNA

7
Q

haploid

A

one copy of DNA

8
Q

homozygous

A

has identical alleles for a gene

9
Q

heterozygous

A

different alleles for the same gene

10
Q

meiosis makes

A

gametes (sperm and egg cells) with 23 chromosomes eachq

11
Q

linked genes

A

fall on same chromosome and are close together

12
Q

unlinked genes

A

on different parts of the chromosome and ae far away

13
Q

independent assortment

A

genes on non homologous chromosomes separate independently from one another

14
Q

gametogenesis

A

the process to form gametes

15
Q

zygote

A

a fertilized ovum: diploid cell that results from the fusion of a haploid cell

16
Q

stages of meiosis

A

mitosis one and two

one:
- reduction division

two:
- basically mitosis

17
Q

meiosis I

A

P: homologous chromosomes cross over
M: homologous chromosomes PAIR in the center
A: chromosomes get pulled away
T: nuclei reform and *cytoplasm splits

18
Q

homologous:

A

approximately same size and same genes of chromosomes

19
Q

Meiosis 2:

A
P: chromosomes get more visible
M: move to middle plate in single file
A: chromatids!!! move apart 
T: nuclei reform
*C: splitting of cytoplasm
20
Q

chromatid

A

one strand of a chromosom

21
Q

chromosome

A

2n or n

22
Q

centromere

A

the thing that joins the two sister chromatids together

23
Q

sister chromatid

A

are IDENTICAL

24
Q

alleles

A

alternate versions of the gene

25
Q

linked genes

A

on same chromosome

26
Q

heteromorphic chromosomes

A

differently shaped chromosomes

27
Q

synapsis

A

pairing of homologs

28
Q

gametogenesis

A

the process in which cells undergo meiosis to form gametes.

29
Q

syngamy

A

fusion of egg and sperm nuclei