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SPM- Opthamology > Lid Lumps > Flashcards

Lid Lumps Flashcards

1
Q

What is a stye?

A

Infected and blockage of a eye lash follicle

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2
Q

What is the treatment for a stye?

A

Pull out the offending lash

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3
Q

What is an internal hordeolum?

A

Acute, red swollen painful lid lump

Caused by clokcage of the meibomien glands or glands of zeis- occurs with blepharitis

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4
Q

What is the treatment for internal hordeola?

A

Warm compress
Topical and/or systemic anti-biotics
Rarely require incision and drainage

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5
Q

What is a chalazian?

A

Non-infective lid lump that is a complication of a hordeola

Meibomian secretions collect within the lid to form a hard, discrete, painless lump under the skin of the eye lid

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6
Q

How do chalazions form?

A

Meibomian secretions collect within the lid to form a hard, discrete, painless lump under the skin of the eye lid

This occurs as a complication to a hordeola

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7
Q

What is the treatment for a chalazion?

A

Usually self resolve but this can take a long time

Incision and removal may be required if persistent. For adults this is done under a LA and for children under a GA.

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8
Q

What does a cyst of moll look like?

A

Translucent cyst found on the eye lid

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9
Q

What does a cyst of zeiss look like?

A

Opaque cyst found on the eye lid

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10
Q

What is the treatment for eye lid cysts?

A

Punctured and de-roofed

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11
Q

What are xanthelasmata?

A

Yellowish plaques under the skin around the eye lids

Sign of hyper-lipidaemia

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12
Q

What is a lid papilloma?

A

Skin lesion that may be sessile or perdunculated

Most common benign lid tumour

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13
Q

What is an eye-lid naevia?

A

Collection of melanocytes- (think of it as a mole on the eye lid)

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14
Q

Describe the appearance of a naevi?

A

Well circumscribed
Uniform colour
No history of growth

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15
Q

What is seborrheic keratosis?

A

Stuck on appearance- flat or raised papule or plaque
May be skin coloured, yellow, grey, dark brown or black
Smooth waxy, warty surface- often other similar lesions

It is a benign lesion

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16
Q

What is a keratocanthoma?

A

Rapidly growing lesions that is followed by spontaneous stopping of growth
Non pigmented lesion with keratin filled craters

Erupts on skin damaged skin

17
Q

What is the management for keratocanthoma?

A

It is a rapidly growing lesion that is difficult to distinguish from skin cancers and so they are surgically removed. Pathology can then be checked once it has been removed.

18
Q

What is the most common form of skin cancer?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

19
Q

Describe the features of basal cell carcinoma?

A 
Pearly rolled edge
Telangiectasia
Ulceration at the centre
Slowly growing
Skin coloured, pink or pigmented
20
Q

What is the treatment for BCC?

A

Mainly- Surgical excision with at least 3mm margins- sent for pathological analysis. This is called an excision biopsy.

21
Q

What are features of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Scaly or crusty lumps (produce keratin)
Often arise from pre-existing actinic keratoses
May ulcerate
Often tender and painful
Located on sun-exposed sites- e.g. back of the ear. face, lips, forearms, lower legs

22
Q

What is the treatment for SCC?

A

Wide local excision and pathology testing

Adjuvant radiotherapy

23
Q

What are the features of malignant melanoma?

A 
Irregular borders
Lesion asymmetry
Varying colour
Changes over time
Diameter >6mm
24
Q

What is the treatment for malignant melanoma?

A

Wide local excision and send to pathology
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy

25
Q

What is sebaceous cell carcinoma?

A

Rare lid malignancy- that can mimic other lid malignancies (meibomian cysts). Mortality of 22%

26
Q

What are the features of sebaceous cell carcinoma?

A

Most common site is the upper eye lid
Firm, painless lump
May also be yellowish in colour

27
Q

What is the treatment for sebaceous cell carcinoma?

A

Surgical resection with wide margins
Prone to malignancy so sample sentinel nodes
Adjuvant radiotherapy/chemotherapy

28
Q

What are some clinical features that should raise the suspicion of malignancy?

A 
Ulceration
Distortion of the normal architecture of eye lids
Loss of eye lashes
Lymphadenopathy
Lesions that are enlarging
Irregular borders
Irregular colour throughout

SPM- Opthamology (11 decks)

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