Local Anesthetics Flashcards Preview

Dental Pharmacology > Local Anesthetics > Flashcards

Flashcards in Local Anesthetics Deck (29)
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1
Q

amide type drugs?

A

lidocaine, bupivacaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, ropivacaine

2
Q

ester type drugs?

A

procaine, chloroprocaine, tetracaine, cocaine

3
Q

amide and ester bonds?

A

articaine

4
Q

topical use only?

A

benzocaine, dyclonine, dibucaine, pramoxine

5
Q

compounded projects?

A

EMLA, LET, phenylephrine-oxymetazoline

6
Q

a reversal agent?

A

phentolamine

7
Q

antidote to cardiotoxicity?

A

intralipid

8
Q

ideal qualities of local?

A

hydrophilic and lipophilic

9
Q

order of sensitivity of nerve fibers?

A
  1. B 2. C (SNS and Dorsal Root) and A delta 3. A gamma 4. A beta 5. A alpha
10
Q

True or False: drug acts proximal to distal

A

true

11
Q

true or false: recovery gradient runs distal to proximal

A

false

12
Q

amide drugs have … metabolism?

A

hepatic

13
Q

ester drugs have … metabolism?

A

non-hepatic

14
Q

symptoms of minor toxicity?

A

ringing in ears, metallic taste, numbness of lips and tongue (if drug not applied in mouth)

15
Q

Epi interaction possible w/…

A

B blockers; tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine), halothane, hypertension/heart block, cerebral vascular insufficiency

16
Q

which metabolite of procaine might cause allergic reaction?

A

PABA

17
Q

which preservatives might cause allergic rxn?

A

sulphites

18
Q

lipid solubility?

A

potency

19
Q

dissociation constant?

A

time of onset

20
Q

chemical linkage?

A

metabolism

21
Q

protein binding?

A

duration

22
Q

prilocaine and to a lesser extent benzocaine cause…

A

methemoglobinemia

23
Q

antidote for methemoglobinemia?

A

IV methylene blue

24
Q

more potent and cardiotoxic than lidocaine/mepivacaine; prolonged activity; useful for postop analgesia?

A

bupivacaine

25
Q

reduced cardiotoxicity; greater safety margin?

A

ropivacaine

26
Q

better penetration into bone; higher incidence of parethesias?

A

articaine

27
Q

topical for mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, urethra?

A

benzocaine and dyclonine

28
Q

topical for skin, not mucosal membranes?

A

dibucaine and pramoxine

29
Q

which given for suturing?

A

LET