IVDs act to absorb and transmit __________ loads and tensile stress from one vertebrae to another.
AXIAL
Which lumbar vertebrae is the largest?
5TH
TRUE or FALSE
The vertebrae above the 5th sits slightly anterior allowing normal lordotic curve.
FALSE
4TH V SITS SLIGHTLY BACKWARD
Name the most common segment for problems in the vertebral column?
L5 - S1
The lumbar facet joints sit in the ___________ plane
SAGGITAL
making rotation and side bending limited
Name the 3 roles of the lumbar facets?
- STABILIZE
- ALLOW LIMITED MOVEMENT
- PROTECT IVDS FROM SHEAR FORCES
Which way do superior facet joints face?
MEDIAL
and
BACKWARD
Which way do inferior facet joints face?
LATERAL
and
FORWARD
Injury, degeneration, and trauma can lead to the 3 spondys- name them and differentiate?
SPONDYLOSIS - degeneration of the IVD
+
SPONDYLOLYSIS - defect in pars interarticularis (bt lamina and pedicle)
+
SPONDYLOLYTHESIS - forward displacement of one vertebrae over another (Darla has)
Discs make up ______% of the spinal column, which increases with age.
25
Name the 2 parts of a disc?
ANNULUS FIBROSIS
+
NUCLEUS PULPOSIS
Name the 4 injuries which can happen to the IVDs?
- PROTRUSION
- PROLAPSE
- EXTRUSION
- SEQUESTRATION
Protrusion involves NO rupture of the __________ _________.
ANNULUS FIBROSIS
With IVD prolapse, only outer fibers contain the __________ ___________.
NUCLEUS PULPOSIS
With ___________, the annulus fibrosis is perforated, and the nucleus pulposis bulges into spinal canal.
EXTRUSION
In full blown ______________, fragments of the nucleus pulposis are freely floating in spinal canal.
SEQUESTRATION
Name the resting and closed packed positions of the L spine?
RESTING - midway b/t FLEXION and EXTENSION
+
CLOSE-PACKED - EXTENSION
If you hear a pop or tearing assessing the lumbar spine, what would you assume was faulty?
MUSCLE
If your patient experiences numbness assessing the lumbar spine, what would you assume was faulty?
PERIPHERAL NERVE
or
NERVE ROOT IRRITATION
If you sense catching assessing the lumbar spine, what would you assume was faulty?
MUSCLE SPASM
or
FACET JOINT
If your patient experiences tingling/warmth/coldness assessing the lumbar spine, what would you assume was faulty?
NERVE ROOT
or
CIRCULATION