M&RLifeCyclesLEC4

Question 1

What is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next?

Answer 1

Heredity!

Question 2

What is the scientific study of heredity and variation?

Answer 2

Genetics!

Question 3

What are the units of heredity, and are segments of DNA?

Answer 3

Genes! You get one set of chromosomes from both your parents, and they are made of genes. And genes are little bits of DNA.

Question 4

Genes has a specific location along side a particular chromosome. What is that location called?

Answer 4

Locus!

Question 5

What is this reproduction called where one parent produces genetically identical offspring by mitosis?

Answer 5

Asexual Reproduction!

Question 6

What are two chromosomes that compose a pair, and contain the same genes(control the same traits)?

Answer 6

Homologous chromosomes!

Question 7

What is this process called where two parents produce offsprings that have unique combinations of genes inherited from both parents?

Answer 7

Sexual reproduction!

Question 8

There are 23 chromosome pairs in our body, and one of them are different from the others. Represented as X & Y, they determine a human’s sex (with some variation). What are they?

Answer 8

Sex chromosomes! It isn’t clear cut, some babies would get X+XY, or XX+Y.

Question 9

What has 2 set of each of its chromosomes, and classify most of the human cells? For example somatic cells.

Answer 9

Diploid cell!

Question 10

Gametes are classified as what, that contains one set of chromosomes?

Answer 10

Haploid cells! They have their pairs split up by meiosis.

Question 11

Gametes fuse to form a diploid what, that develops into an embryo and (hopefully) into an adult organism?

Answer 11

Zygote!

Question 12

At sexual maturity more haploid gametes are produced by meiosis. Where does this happen?

Answer 12

In the Gonads!

Question 13

Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid. This takes place in two sets of divisions which are?

Answer 13

• Meiosis I - Homologous pair devide. Reduces the chromosomes from diploid to haploid.
• Meiosis II - Chromotids divide. Produce 4 haploid daughters cell.

Question 14

When homologous chromosomes connect (lie side by side), this form a what?

Answer 14

Tetrad!

Question 15

In Meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes connect to form a tetrad where they exchange genetic information. This process is called?

Answer 15

Crossing over!

Question 16

Chromosomes exchanging sections of DNA produces what, with a mix of genes from 2 different parents?

Answer 16

Recombinant chromosomes!