Malaria Treatment Flashcards Preview

IHO week 3 > Malaria Treatment > Flashcards

Flashcards in Malaria Treatment Deck (13)
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1
Q

Resistance readily occurs in which two species?

A

falciparum and vivax

2
Q

builds up in the food vacuole of the parasite

keeps cell “toxic” by preventing FPIX from converting to hemozoin

low doses for prophylaxis w/minimal side fx

high doses for acute disease tx can cause dizziness, HA, itching, vomiting, rash, BLINDNESS if prolonged

A

Chloroquine

3
Q

More toxic than Chloroquine but resistance not readily developed

  • probably same MOA as Chloroquine
  • side fx: Cinchonism (tinnitus, blurred vision, nausea, HA, decreased hearing acuity, permanent vision/balance/hearing damage
A

Quinine and Quinidine

4
Q

Anti-arrhythmic drug blocks Na and K currents

IV for malaria

side fx: cardiac problems!!!!

A

Quinidine

5
Q
  • probably acts like Chloroquine

- may cause hallucinations and DEPRESSION

A

Mefloquine

6
Q
  • depolarizes parasitic mitochondria and inhibits electron transport
  • given with Proguanil
A

Atovaquone

7
Q
  • inhibits Plasmodium DHFR
  • enhances mitochondrial toxicity of atovaquone
  • not active in liver
  • concentrated in RBCs
A

Proguanil

8
Q

Slow onset

replacing mefloquine for prophylaxis

GI probs

A

Atovaquone-Proguanil

9
Q
  • produces free radical to damage parasite proteins
  • RAPID and potent against even multi-drug resistance
  • DO NOT use alone (to avoid development of resistance)
A

Artemisinins

  • Artesunate + mefloquine
  • Artemether + lumefantrine
10
Q
  • uknown MOA
  • used with artemether
  • rapid initial response and LONG HALF LIFE
A

Lumefantrine

11
Q

“Radical care” means what?

A

treating dormant vivax and ovale HYPNOZOITES in hepatocytes

12
Q

Which drug is first line for “radical care”?

A

Primaquine

**causes hemolytic anemia in pts w/G6PD def

13
Q

Abx that inhibits protein synthesis?

A

Doxycycline