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Flashcards in Med Admin Deck (49)
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1
Q

What are controlled substances?

A

-drugs considered to have either limited medical use or high potential for abuse or addiction.

  • It is illegal to possess w/o a prescription under the 1970 comprehensive drug abuse and control act.
  • must be double-locked, counted and verified at specific times.
  • includes narcotics & anti-anxiety meds
2
Q

What are the four types of systems for medication storage?

A

Stock supply
Unit dose
Automated dispensing system
Self-administration

3
Q

what is pharmacokinetics?

A

refers to what happens to the drug in the body (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion).

These determine the intensity and duration of a drugโ€™s actions

4
Q

What factors affect drug absorption?

A

depends on the

  • route of administration
  • form of the drug
  • drug solubility
  • effects of pH
  • blood flow to the area
  • pain
  • stress
  • hunger
  • fasting
  • food
  • exercise
5
Q

An enteric-coated drug cannot

A

be decomposed by gastric secretions; thus the medication is not diluted before it reaches the intestines.

6
Q

Timed-release (sustained release) meds dissolve

A

slowly, releasing small amounts for absorption over several hours.

7
Q

oral preparations must be

A

water soluble so that they can dissolve in the aqueous contents of the GI tract

8
Q

Liquids are absorbed

A

faster than tabs or caps b/c they are already dissolved

9
Q

Drugs must be _____ ______ in order to cross cell membranes

A

lipid soluble (at least somewhat)

10
Q

How does acidity affect absorption of meds?

A

Higher acidity in the stomach (and med) aids in the transportation of meds across the mucous membrane.

11
Q

How does blood flow affect absorption?

A

Area where blood flow to the tissue is greatest have rapid absorption of meds

12
Q

How does pain affect absorption?

A

can slow gastric emptying time, thus increasing absorption time

13
Q

How does stress affect absorption?

A

can slow gastric emptying time, thus increasing absorption time

14
Q

How does hunger affect absorption?

A

reduces absorption rates

15
Q

How does fasting affect absorption rates?

A

reduces absorption rates (typically the longer the fasting, the slower the absorption)

16
Q

How does food affect absorption rates?

A

can either increase or decrease depending on the drug. Usually decreases

17
Q

How does exercise affect absorption rates?

A

decreases blood flow to the GI tract and thus decreases absorption rates

18
Q

Metabolism mainly takes place in the

A

liver

19
Q

How can drugs be excreted?

A
through the 
kidneys
liver and GI tract
lungs
exocrine glands
20
Q

Tablespoon in mL

A

15mL

21
Q

1 cup in mL

A

250mL

22
Q

Kg in pounds

A

1 kg = 2.2 lbs

23
Q

Teaspoon in mL

A

5mL

24
Q

IM

A

Intramuscular

24
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

24
Q

ID

A

Intradermal

24
Q

PRN

A

As needed

25
Q

QD

A

Daily

26
Q

SQ or SC

A

Subcutaneously

27
Q

HS

A

Hour of Sleep

28
Q

D/C

A

Discontinued

29
Q

QID

A

Four times per day

30
Q

PO

A

By month

31
Q

Enteral

A

Oral

32
Q

Parentral

A

SubQ, ID, IM, IV

33
Q

mg in g

A

1000 mg = 1 g

34
Q

mL in L

A

1000 mL = 1 L

35
Q

IU

A

International Unit

36
Q

QOD

A

Every other day

37
Q

TIW

A

Three times a week

38
Q

BID

A

Twice a day

39
Q

QID

A

Four times per day

40
Q

elix

A

Elixir

41
Q

mcg

A

Micrograms

42
Q

Q4h

A

Every four hours

43
Q

OD

A
Omni die (daily) 
Ocular decreased (right eye)
44
Q

OS

A

Ocular sinister (left eye)

45
Q

tab

A

Tablet

46
Q

TID

A

Three times per day