mendel and genes Flashcards Preview

AQA GCSE Biology Unit 2 > mendel and genes > Flashcards

Flashcards in mendel and genes Deck (12)
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1
Q

define chromosomes

A

really long molecules of DNA

2
Q

define DNA

A
  • determines what proteins the cell produces
  • found in the nucleus
  • contains all the information to put an organism together
3
Q

what is a gene ?

A
  • a section of DNA

- tells cells in what order to put the amino acids together

4
Q

what is DNA fingerprinting

A

a way of cutting up a persons DNA into sections and then separating them. everyones fingerprint has a unique pattern so you can tell people apart

5
Q

what is DNA fingerprinting used in?

A

forensic science and paternity testing

6
Q

what did Mendel do?

A

genetic experiments with pea plants. noticed how characteristics in plants were passed on from one generation to the next

7
Q

what did Mendel conclude ?

A
  • characteristics in plants are determined by genes
  • genes are passed on from both parents
  • Genoese can be dominant or recessive
8
Q

polydactyly

A

having an additional finger or toe

9
Q

homozygous

A

if an organism has two alleles for a particular gene the same

10
Q

heterozygous

A

if an organism has two alleles for a particular gene that are different

11
Q

dominant allele

A

the allele for the characteristic that’s shown

12
Q

for an organism to display a recessive characteristic …

A

both its alleles must be recessive