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NB > Micro > Flashcards

Micro Flashcards

1
Q

What shape is gonorrhea ?

A

Diplococcus

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2
Q

What family is acid FAST?

A

Mycobacterium (like TB)

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3
Q

What can one contract if they eat Cheeses and or deli meats?

A

Listeria

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4
Q

What is an example of a prokaryote?

A

Bacteria ( has no nucleus or organelles)

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5
Q

What is a no cell wall bacteria ?

A

Mycoplasma

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6
Q

You would use a dark field microscope to view what specifically ?

A

Spirochetes

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7
Q

What virus is associated with cruise ships?

A

Norwalk virus

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8
Q

What is also called break bone fever?

A

Dengue virus

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9
Q

What specific cell is associated with mono (Epstein-Barr) ?

A

Downey Cell (***dont let your mono get you DOWNny”

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10
Q

SARS is caused by what virus?

A

Corona

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11
Q

What is the infectious part of a virus?

A

Capsid

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12
Q

What antibodies control secretions (breast milk, tears, saliva) ??

A

IgA

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13
Q

What antibody is associated with parasitic infections?

A

IgE

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14
Q

What antibody is associated with increases in Hodgkin disease ?

A

IgE

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15
Q

What antibody is the first to arrive for the second exposure?

A

IgG

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16
Q

What antibody crosses the placenta ?

A

IgG

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17
Q

What is the smallest antibody ?

A

IgG

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18
Q

What is the largest antibody?

A

IgM

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19
Q

What is that first antibody to arrive during the first exposure?

A

IgM (Marines go first)

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20
Q

What interleukin is made my macrophages?

A

IL-1

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21
Q

What interleukin is made by bone marrow?

A

IL-3

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22
Q

What interleukin is made my CD4 cells?

A

IL-2

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23
Q

What interleukin is for brain and nervous tissue??

A

IL-1

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24
Q

What interleukin directs the response of the immune system?

A

IL-2

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25
Q

What MCH do T cells recognize ?

A

MCH I

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26
Q

What MCH do B cells recognize?

A

MHC I & II

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27
Q

What is the test for scarlet fever?

A

Dick test

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28
Q

what is the pneumonic for gram + organisms?

A

BLCCSS (BLOCKS)

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29
Q

What does BLCCSS (gram +) ?

A

Bacillus, Listeria, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, staph, strep

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30
Q

What is the pneumonic diseases caused by staph?

A

STOIC

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31
Q

What does Stoic stand for (staph aureus diseases) ?

A

Scalded skin syndrome, Toxic shock, Osteomelitis, Impetigo, Carbuncles.

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32
Q

What test tests for staph or strep?

A

Coagulase test

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33
Q

What is the pneumonic for Strep pyogenes diseases ?

A

SERGIS

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34
Q

What does sergis stand for (strep pyogenes) ?

A

Strep throat, Erysipelas, Rheumatic Fever, glomerulonephritis, impetigo, scarlet fever

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35
Q

What is the pneumonic for jones major mortified criteria for Rheumatic fever ?

A

Can Sammy Suck Ethyls polyps

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36
Q

What does Can Sammy Suck Ethyls Polyps stand for (rheumatic fever) ?

A

Carditis, syndenhams chorea, subcutaneous nodule, erythema marginatum, migratory POLYarthritis

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37
Q

What is the membrane attack complex?

A

C5b-C9

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38
Q

Where does the complement systems meet?

A

C3B

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39
Q

What inclusion bodies are associated with Rheumatic fever?

A

Aschoff

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40
Q

What inclusion bodies are associated with diphtheria?

A

BAbes ernest granules

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41
Q

What inclusion bodies are associated with viral hepatitis?

A

Councilman cells

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42
Q

Goan complex is associated with what?

A

TB

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43
Q

What inclusion bodies are associated with rabies?

A

Negri bodies

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44
Q

What inclusion bodies are associated with Hepatitis?

A

Mallory bodies

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45
Q

Koplik spots are associated with what?

A

Measles

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46
Q

Roth bodies are associated with what?

A

Syphilis

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47
Q

Tetanus toxoid is associated with what kind of immunity?

A

Artificial active

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48
Q

Tetanus antitoxin is associated with what kind of immunity?

A

Artificial passive

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49
Q

Anything that ends is oasis is usually acquired or transmitted via what?

A

The lungs

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50
Q

An injection of attenuated organisms is what kind of immunity?

A

Artificial active

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51
Q

An injection of preformed antibodies is what kind of immunity ?

A

Artificial passive

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52
Q

What kind of hypersensitivity causes anaphylactic shock (bee sting, bronchial asthma) ?

A

Type 1

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53
Q

What hypersensitivity is associated with mast cells ?

A

Type 1

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54
Q

What hypersensitivity is T cell mediatated?

A

Type IV

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55
Q

Good pastures, graves, myasthenia gravis are all associated with what hypersensitivity?

A

TYPE II (cytotoxic)

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56
Q

TB and contact dermatitis (Poison ivy) are what kind of hypersensitivity reactionS?

A

Type IV

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57
Q

What are grown in candle jar cultures?

A

Micoaerophilic

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58
Q

What does obligate mean?

A

Only one environment, not the other

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59
Q

What is the lab test for gonorrhea? (Grown on)

A

Chocolate agar

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60
Q

What is the test for anthrax?

A

Ascholi

61
Q

What is the specific stain for acid fast?

A

Ziehl Nealson stain

62
Q

What is the test for diphtheria ?

A

Schick

63
Q

What is the most definitive test for AIDS?

A

Western blott

64
Q

BCG (bacillus calmette guerin vaccine) is for what?

A

TB

65
Q

Blue green pus is associated with what kind of infection

A

Pseudomonas aerginosa

66
Q

White pus is associated with what?

A

Chlamydia

67
Q

Red pus is associated with what?

A

Serratia marcenscens

68
Q

Salk vaccination is for what?

A

Polio

69
Q

A vaccine for what was made from monkey kidney tissue?

A

Polio

70
Q

Autoclaving/sterilization is ineffective against what?

A

Prions

71
Q

Measles and mumps vaccine in from what?

A

Chic embryos

72
Q

What medicine is given to people with gram positive organisms (inhibits cell wall synth)

A

Penicillin

73
Q

What medicine is to someone with EITHER a gram positive or gram negative organism and my turn the teeth gray or yellow brown?

A

Tetracycline

74
Q

Who developed the humoral phagocytic theory of immune response?

A

Burnet/metchinkoff

75
Q

Who discovered bacteriophage?

A

Felix D’Herelle

76
Q

Who developed the magic bullet (sulfa drugs) first treatment for syphilis?

A

Ehrlich

77
Q

Who discovered penicillin> ?

A

Flemming

78
Q

Who developed the smallpox vaccine?

A

Jenner

79
Q

Who discord the virus? (Tobacco mosaic virus was the first)

A

Iwanowski

80
Q

Who proved bacteria cause disease (and anthrax vaccine)

A

Koch

81
Q

Who classified streptococcus?

A

Rebecca lancefield

82
Q

Who developed the first microscope?

A

Leeuwenhock

83
Q

Who developed antisepsis?

A

Lister

84
Q

Who is the father of pathology?

Germ theory

A

Pasture

85
Q

Who discovered prions?

A

Stanley pyusner

86
Q

Who discovered yellow fever?

A

Walter reed

87
Q

Who discovered the live polio vaccine?

A

Sabin

88
Q

Who came up with the dead polio vaccine?

A

Salk

89
Q

Who came up with hand washing before surgery?

A

Semmelweiss

90
Q

Who discovered reverse transcriptase?

A

Dulbecco, temir, baltimore

91
Q

What is grown on mannitol salt?

A

Staphylococcus

92
Q

Alpha hemolysis looks like what?

A

Partial green ring

93
Q

Beta hemolysis looks like what?

A

Complete clear ring

94
Q

Gamma hemolysis looks like?

A

Red ring

95
Q

What government agency does only research and not statistics in bathesda Maryland?

A

National institute of health (NIH)

96
Q

What governmental Agency does stats NOT research ?

A

CDC

97
Q

What is used as the fixer for gram staining ?

A

Iodine

98
Q

What is the number of NEW* cases in a given time period (how many in the last year) ?

A

Incidence

99
Q

What is the TOTAL* number of cases at at PARTICULAR point in time called (total cases right now) ?

A

Prevalence

100
Q

What is it called when something rapidly affects many persons in a certain area within a few days or weeks?

A

Epidemic

101
Q

What is a small number of cases in a specific location, that are present all the time?

A

Endemic

102
Q

What is the leading cause of death world wide?

A

TB

103
Q

What are the 3 leading causes of death in the US in order?

A
  1. Heart disease, 2. Cancer, 3. Stroke
104
Q

What is the leading cause of death in infants?

A

Congenital malformations

105
Q

What part of the water purification process uses aluminum Trichloride ?

A

Flocculation

106
Q

What are the steps in water purification?

A

Filtration, flocculation, sedimentation, sludge digestion sand filtration Aeration, chlorination.

107
Q

What organisms is associated with uncooked pork (tapeworm)

A

Taenia solium

108
Q

What is the shape of a Cestode??

A

Long ribbon line body

109
Q

What time of helminth has a flat ovoid body and is the most deadly?

A

Flukes (treamatodes)

110
Q

What time of helminth is unsegmented and cylindrical?

A

Roundworms (nematodes)

111
Q

What organismism causes a tapeworm in contaminatied suschi?

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

112
Q

What kind of tapeworm (cestode) is found in dogs and causes hydatid cysts in liver and lung?

A

Echinococcus Granulosus

113
Q

What organism is the most common cause of helminth death world wide?

A

Shistosoma Japonicum

114
Q

What is the most common Helminth in the US?

A

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

115
Q

What is the most common hookworm in the US and is prevent by wearing shoes?

A

Necator americanus

116
Q

What is the most common helminthic infection worldwide that causes COLICKY pain ?

A

Ascaris lumbricoides (ascariasis)

117
Q

What causes elephantitis (lymph blockage) ?

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

118
Q

What organism causes river blindness?

A

Onchocerca volvulus

119
Q

What roundworm is from raw pork and is found on an x ray of the gastrocnemius?

A

Trichonella spiralis (trichinosis)

120
Q

What isn known as the african eye worm? (River eye worm)

A

Loa loa

121
Q

Variola is known as what?

A

SMALLPOX

122
Q

What viral disease has antigenic shift (big) or drift (small)?

A

Influenza

123
Q

What is the name for childhood dysentery (hand foot mouth disease)?

A

Coxsackie

124
Q

Hantavirus is spread by what ?

A

Rodents including chipmunks

125
Q

Vaccina is more commonly called what?

A

Cox pox

126
Q

What is a viroid?

A

Single strand RNA (ssRNA) that’s smaller than a virus (infects plants)

127
Q

What is a caposmere?

A

Part of viral capsid

128
Q

What is a pink cauliflower lesion on the female genitalia ?

A

Molluscum contagiosum

129
Q

What viral disease is assoacited with the three C’s (cough, Coryza, conjunctivitis)?

A

Rubeola

130
Q

Rubella hurts the_______?

A

Little fella (german measles) congenital malformations, 1st tri

131
Q

What causes mumps?

A

Sidomegalic paramyoid virus

132
Q

Mumps can lead to what?

A

CN7 disease (bells palsy)

133
Q

What syndrome is form a negative reaction to aspirin ?

A

Reye’s syndrome

134
Q

AIDS affects what cell?

A

CD4 (T-helper)

135
Q

What organism causes the #1 fungal infection in AIDS patients?

A

Pneumocystis carinii

136
Q

What organism causes the #1 parasitic/protozoal infection in aids patients?

A

Toxoplasmosis

137
Q

What is the number one cause of cancer death in aids patients?

A

Kaposi sarcoma

138
Q

What is an organism that is seen in aids patients that causes a mucousy diarrhea ?

A

Giardia lamblia

139
Q

What is the only DNA form of hepatitis?

A

B

140
Q

What form of hepatitis is associated with the Dane particle?

A

Hep D

141
Q

What form of hepatitis is transmissted via sex or IV drug use?

A

Hep B

142
Q

What for of hepatitis is transmitted via tattoos, blood transfusions?

A

Hep C

143
Q

What form of hepatitis are you not a carrier for life ?

A

Hep A

144
Q

What form of hepatitis is spread via fecal oral ?

A

Hep A

145
Q

What form of hepatitis is not associated with sequelae?

A

Hep A

146
Q

Eastern equine encephalitis is more commonly called what?

A

West nile

147
Q

All equine encephalitis’s are all what kind of virus ?

A

Group A arbovirus

148
Q

Yellow fever and dengue fever are both what type of virus???

A

Group

B arbovirus

NB (7 decks)

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