Flashcards in Micro Summary: Reservoir/Transmission Deck (82):
1
Histotoxic Clostridia: C. perfringens, C. septicum
GI, soil
2
C. tetani
Soil
3
C. botulism
Soil, home-prepared foods, Alaska
4
Campylobacter jejuni
Animal
Contaminated food (esp poultry) & water
5
Haemophilus influenzae
Humans
Respiratory
6
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Humans
Respiratory
7
Escherichia coli
Humans, GI
Contaminated food/water
8
Salmonella
GI, sewage, feces
9
Shigella
GI, sewage, feces
Fecal-oral
10
Klebsiella
GI, skin
11
Yersinia pestis
Rodents, fleas
Fecal-oral
12
Rickettsia rickettsii
Dermacentor Ticks
Ticks
13
Borrelia burgdorferi
Rodents
Ticks
14
Bacillus anthracis
Livestock
Livestock exposure, injection drugs
15
Francisella tularensis
Rabbits, ticks, flies
Ticks
16
Helicobacter pylori
Humans
Fecal-oral
17
Enterococcus faecium
Skin
18
Staphylococcus aureus
Humans, warm/moist sites
Fomites
19
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Skin
20
Acinetobacter baumanii
ICUs & wounded soldiers in Afghanistan
Hands
21
Neisseria meningitidis
Humans, nasopharynx
Respiratory, Genital, Oral/GI
22
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Human
23
Streptococcus pyogenes
Humans, mucosal surfaces, skin & soft tissue
Aerosols, direct contact
24
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Humans, respiratory tract
Respiratory
25
Listeria monocytogenes
Food (soft cheese), soil, zoonotic
Fecal-oral, mother to fetus
26
Legionella pneumophila
Contaminated water
27
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Through wounds, surgical incisions, burns, etc.
28
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Respiratory
29
Mycobacterium leprae
Africa, Asia, Latin America, humans, armadillos
Respiratory
30
Corynebacterium diphtheria
Humans
Nasopharyngeal, cutaneous
31
Vibrio cholera
Estuary water
Contaminated food/water
32
Bordetella pertussis
Humans
33
Candida albicans
Mouth, skin, GI, vagina
34
Cryptococcus neoformans & gattii
World (N), tropical (G)
35
Sporothrix schenckii
Soil, infected plants
Rose gardeners
36
Penicillum marneffei
SE Asia
37
Histoplasma capsulatum
OH/MS river valleys
Birds, bats, caves
38
Coccidiodes immitis
SW US
39
Blastomyces dermatidis
OH/MS river valleys
40
Entamoeba histolytica
World, rare in US
Cysts
41
Giardia lamblia
World, US
IgA deficiency, cysts, fecal-oral
42
Cryptosporidium
World, US
Cysts, fecal-oral
43
Microsporidium
World, US
44
Trichomonas vaginalis
World, US
45
Plasmodium falciparum
Most deadly, tropical regions, mosquitoes year round, infect RBCs, no dormant liver stage (hyponozoites, no relapse)
46
Plasmodium vivax & ovale
Less severe, more temperate zones, mosquitoes during warmer months, hypnozoites (latent liver form), late relapse, only infects reticulocytes
47
Babesia
Northeastern US
Tick vectors
48
Leishmania
Central & South America, Middle East, & Africa
49
Trypanosoma
Central and South America / Africa
Kissing bugs / Tsetse fly
50
Toxoplasma gondii
Cat feces, uncooked meat, rodents
51
Ascaris lumbricoides
US, impoverished rural areas
Eggs ingested
52
Hookworm (Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale)
Impoverished rural areas
Eggs penetrate skin
53
Pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis)
US
Eggs ingested
54
Strongyloides stercoralis
US, impoverished rural areas
Eggs penetrate skin
55
Whipworm (trichuris trichiura)
US, impoverished rural areas
Eggs ingested
56
Trichinella
Contaminated meat
57
Schistosoma hepatobium, japonicum, & mansoni
Slowly moving fresh water
Cercariae, snail
58
Taenia solium
Latin America, Asia
Pork
59
Taenia saginata
Beef
60
Echinococcus granulosus
Dogs, cysts, oncospheres
61
Poliovirus
Humans
Fecal-oral
62
HIV
Humans
Sex, drugs
63
HAV
Humans
Fecal-oral
64
HBV
Parenteral
65
HCV
Parenteral
66
HDV
Parenteral
67
HEV
Fecal-oral
68
HSV
Humans
STD
69
HPV
Humans
STD
70
VZV
Respiratory
71
West Nile Virus
Birds
Mosquitoes
Africa, Middle East, Eastern Europe, US
72
Norovirus
Humans
Fecal-oral
73
Rotavirus
Humans
Fecal-oral
74
Adenovirus
Humans
Respiratory, GI, water
75
Hantavirus
Rodents
Respiratory
76
Rabies
Animals
77
Smallpox
Humans
Droplet nuclei, direct contact, fomites
78
VHFs
Rodent (arena)
Animals, humans
Africa, Middle East, Eastern Europe, US
79
EBV
Oral secretions, Bloodstream spread
80
Influenza
Respiratory
81
Measles
Respiratory
82