Microbiology 8 Flashcards Preview

Micrbiology > Microbiology 8 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Microbiology 8 Deck (10)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Ro = 1/S. What does this mean

A

Inverse relationship between basic reproduction number and proportion of population susceptible to disease

(Ro = basic reproduction number)

2
Q

S = 1 -q . What does this mean?

A

i.e. Immune + susceptible = 1

q = the herd immunity level

3
Q

What parameters must be met for the condition to die out?

A

q > 1 - (1/Ro)

4
Q

Describe Phase 1 trials vaccines.

A
  • Primarily for safety, also assesses immunogenicity

- small number of adults

5
Q

Phase 2 trials vaccines

A
  • Primarily assesses immune response but also expands safety database
  • includes all group likely to use vaccine
6
Q

Phase 3 trials vaccines

A
  • Protection studies, usually placebo controlled double blind trials
  • requires good disease surveillance
7
Q

In which stage is vaccine efficacy determined?

A

Phase 3 trials.

8
Q

Equation for vaccine efficacy.

A

Vaccine efficacy = 1 - (Attack rate in vaccinated/attack rate in unvaccinated)

9
Q

Equation for herd effect

A

Herd effect = 1 - (attack rate unvaccinated post introduction/attack rate unvaccinated pre introduction)

10
Q

What are the 3 components of vaccines?

A
  1. Antigen
  2. Adjuvant
  3. Excipients