All viruses are RNA except 6 HHAPPY ones which are
DNA
3 enveloped DNA viruses
HepaDNA, Herpes and Pox
2 naked DNA viruses Adeno and Papova
Parvo B17
All RNA viruses are single stranded EXCEPT
Rota virus of the REO virus family
All RNA single stranded viruses are + EXCEPT 6
PROFAB group
Paramyxo, Rhabo, Orthomyxo, Filo, Arena and Buynya
PROFAB group
All hepatitis viruses are RNA EXDCEPT
Hepatitis B [hepaDNA group]
All hepatitis viruses are spread by the orofecal route EXCEPT
Hepatitis B and C [sex and blood]
Single stranded retro virus
Human Immune Deficiency virus
All ARBO viruses are flavi viruses EXCEPT
California encephalitis [Bunya virus]
Parotitis, pancreatritis and painful orchitis
Paramyxo virus [Mumps]
Common cold with runny nose and sore throat
Corona virus
Hand, foot and mouth lesions
Coxsackie virus
Bacteria without cell walls
Rickettsiae, Chlamydia and Bartonella
Flexible bacteria
Borrleia, Leptospira and Treponema
Gram stain resistant
Mycobacteria
Infection in bird keepers
Chlamydia psittaci
Lung infection in wool sorters
Bacillus anthracis
Rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis
Streptococcus pyogenes
Previously damaged heart valves
Streptococcus viridans
Infected previously healthy heart valves
Staphylococcus aureus
Causes lockjaw [trismus]
Clostridium tetani
Transmitted by contaminated honey and causing paralysis
Clostridium botulinum
Causes muscle necrosis with gas formation
Clostridium perfringens
Grey psuedomenbrane in the throat
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Paroxysmal bouts of coughing with a whoop in a child
Bordetella pertussis
Fever from handling infected rabbit skin
Francisella tularensis
Lung infection from infected air conditioners
Legionella pneumophilia
Infected burns with blue green burns
Pseudomonas aeroginosa
Gram negative coccus which ferments glucose
Neisseria gonorrhea
Gram negative coccus which ferments maltose
Neisseria meningitidis
Causes severe diarrhea with rice water stool
Vibrio cholera
Obligate intracellular parasitic bacteria
Chlamydia
Causes peptic ulcer and some forms of stomach cancer
Helicobacteria pylori
Gram resistant bacteria with thick waxy wall
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Commonest cause of urinary tract infections
Escherichia coli
Causes Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
E. coli subtype O157 H7
Rose colored spots and step ladder fever
Salmonella typhi
Spread by bat doppings
Histoplasma capsulatum
Causes meningitis spread by pigeon poop
Cryptococcus neoformans
Causes pneumonia in an immune compromised patient
Pneumocystis jiroveci [carinii]
Fatal encephalitis in warm waters
Naegleria fowleri
Diarrhea more common in hikers
Gardia lamblia
Causes megaoesophagus and spread by sand fly bites
Trypanosoma cruzi
Sleeping sickness spread by tsetse fly bites
Trypanosoma gambiense
Frothy vaginal discharge caused by flagellate protozoan
Trichomonas vaginitis
Recurrent or chronic diarrhea in immune compromised
Crpptosporidium parvum
Most dealy form of malaria
Plasmodium falciparum
Intestinal parasite associated with iron deficiency
Necator americanus
Most common intestinal nematode in the USA
Enterobius vermicularis
Associated with rectal prolapse
Trichuris trichuria
River blindness spread by the simulium blackfly
Onchocerca volulus
Elephantiasis spread by Culex filariasis
Wuchereria bancrofti
Intestinal parasite associated with vitamin B12 deficiency
Diphyllobothrium latum
Bladder parasite causing blood in the urine
Schistosoma hematobium
Spread by eating undercooked contaminated beef
Taenia saginatum
Smallest tapeworm
Hymenolepis nana
Ames test
Mutagenic potential
Armadillo
Mycobacterium leprae
Ascoli test
Anthrax
ASOT
Recent streptococcal infection
Bordet-Gegnou medium
Bordetella pertussis
Catalase test
Staphylococcus [+] from streptococcus[-]
Chocolate agar
Neisseria and Hemophilus
Coagulase test
Staphylococcus aureus from other Staph.
Coombs test
Hemolytic anemia
Darkfield microscopy
Syphilis
Dick test
Scarlet fever
Eaton agar
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
ELISA
HIV and Lyme
FTA-Abs
Syphilis
Heaf skin test
Tuberculosis
Hektoen agar
Salmonella
Indian ink stain
Cryptococcus neoformans
Kviem skin test
Sarcoidosis
Lowenstein-Jensen culture medium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
MacConkey agar
Promotes growth of Gram negative rods
Mantoux skin test
Tuberculosis
Middlebrook medium
Tuberculosis
Mitsuda test
Mycobacterium leprae
Paul Bunnel test
Mononucleosis
Regan-Lowe agar
Bordetella pertussis
Quellung reaction
Bacteria with capsules-Strep pneumoniae
Sabouraud medium
Fungal organisms
Schick test
Corynebacterium diphtheria
Schultz Carlton reaction
Scarlet fever
Telluritie agar
Corynebacterium diphtheria
Thayer-Martin medium
Neisseria organisms
Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile salts-Sucrose
Vibrio cholera
Tine skin test
Tuberculosis
VDRL test
Syphilis
Weil-Felix test
Rickettsiae
W ood’slight
Fungal organisms
Wright-Giemsa stain
Parasites and syphilis
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Test to exclude a disease if test is negative [SnOUT]
Sensitivity
Test to include a diagnosis if test is positive [SpIN]
Specificty
Sudden increase in the number with a disease locally
Epidemic
Normal occurrence of a disease in a particular locality
Endemic
Sudden increase in the number with a disease worldwide
Pandemic
Number of people with the disease at a given time
Prevalence
Number of new cases in the population at a given time
Incidence
Number of people who die from a particular disease
Mortality rate
Number of people who have a particular disease
Morbidity rate
Epidemiology or Disease Triangle
Host, Agent [microbe] and Environment
Antigenic shift [virus], spores [bacteria/fungus]cysts [protozoa]
Microbial adaptations
Disease that has newly appeared
Emergin disease
Previously known disease that has increased or spread
Re-emerging disease
Bacteria and fungi form spores and protozoa form cysts
Pathogen adapatations to environment
Viral adaptation to the environment and host
Antigenic shift
Exposure of milk to progressively higher temperatures
Pasteurization
Use of chemicals or heat to destroy all life
Sterilization
Use of chemicals to destroy most pathogens
Disinection
Use of aluminum to precipitate material from water
Flocculation