Mitral Regurgitation Flashcards

1
Q

what is it

A

back flow of blood through mitral valve due to floppy valves
do not close properly
pan systolic murmur

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2
Q

what are the symptoms

A
breathless
ankle swelling
palpitations
orthopnoea 
fatigue
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3
Q

what are signs

A

displaced apex and systolic thrill
maximal at apex and radiates to axilla
prominent 3rd HS

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4
Q

what causes it

A

rheumatic heart disease (mitral valve most affected)
Myxomatous degeneration
endocarditis
chordae rupture

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5
Q

how is it diagnosed

A

auscultation
echo
ECG

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6
Q

what is the surgical treatment

A

valve replacement

percutaneous mitral valve repair

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7
Q

what is the medical therapy

A

loop diuretic (furosemide) and ACEI (lisinopril, ramipril, enalapril)

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8
Q

what are the complications

A

heart failure
AF
endocarditis
pulmonary hypertension

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