Mitral Stenosis Flashcards
1
Q
what is it
A
hardening of mitral valves
do not open properly
mid diastolic murmur
2
Q
what are symptoms
A
breathlessness
tiredness
palpitations
3
Q
what are signs
A
malar flush tapping apex palpitations loud s1 with opening snap localised to apex - best heard when patient on left
4
Q
what is the cause
A
rheumatic heart disease
more common in women
5
Q
how is it diagnosed
A
echo
aided by CXR which may show mitral valve calcification
6
Q
how is it surgically treated
A
ballon valvuloplasty or mitral valve replacement
7
Q
how is it medically treated
A
loop diuretic (furosemide), B blockers (atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, propanolol), digoxin
8
Q
what are the complications
A
right heart failure cardiac cachexia (weight loss caused by cardiac disease)
