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PRIYA MSK BASICS > MSK ANATOMY > Flashcards

MSK ANATOMY Flashcards

1
Q

what is the role of the superficial gluteal region?

A

extensors, abductors + medial rotators of thigh

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2
Q

what is the role of the deep gluteal region?

A

lateral rotators of thigh + hip stabilisers

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3
Q

how do nerves to gluteal region enter the pelvis?

what are they formed by?

A

the greater and lesser sciatic foramen

sacrotuberous and sacrospinus ligaments

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4
Q

which nevres enter the pelvis via the gluteal region?

A
  • sciatic (L4-S3)
  • pudendal (S2-S4)
  • posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1-S3)
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5
Q

what are some facts about the sciatic nerve?

A
  • exits inferior to piriformis
  • most lateral structure exisitng GSF
  • supplies nothign in the gluteal region
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6
Q

what are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A 
S - inguinal ligament
M - adductor longus
L - sartorius 
F - iliopsoas and pecrinteus 
R - deep fascia (fascia lattae)
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7
Q

which nerve supplies the anterior compartment of thigh?

A

femoral nerve

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8
Q

what is the role of muscles in the medial thigh compartment?

A

hip adduction

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9
Q

which nerve supplies the medial com of the thigh?

A

obturator nerve

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10
Q

what are the role of the muscles in teh posterior com of thigh?

A

extensors of thigh + flexors of leg

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11
Q

which nerve supplies posterior com of thigh?

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve

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12
Q

what is the role of muscles in the anteiror com of leg?

A

dorsiflex ankles + extension of toes

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13
Q

which nerve supplied anteiror leg ?

A

deep fibular nerve

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14
Q

role of muscles in lateral leg

A

evert foot + weakly plantarflex

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15
Q

which nerve supplies lateral leg?

A

superficial fibular nerve

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16
Q

which nerve supplies posterior leg

A

tibial nerve

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17
Q

which ligaments are in the hip joint?

A

iliofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral

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18
Q

what is the blood supplt to head hip joint?

A
  • medial and lateral circumflex arteris

- artery to head of femur

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19
Q

what are the ligaments of the ankle?

A

the deltoid ligaments

  • anterior tibiotalar ligament
  • posterior tibiotalar ligament
  • tibiocalcaneal ligament
  • tibionavicular ligament
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20
Q

what is a maisonneuvre fracture?

A

separating of the distal tibia and fibular can cause teaing of tibiofibular syndesmosis
- fracture of proximal fibular

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21
Q

what happens during pronation

A

radius moves over ulnar

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22
Q

what are the elbow ligaments?

A

lateral collateral (radial) ligament
annular ligament
medial (ulnar) collateral ligament

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23
Q

what innervates levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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24
Q

what innervates anteiror arm

A

musculocutanoeus nerve

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25
Q

what is the role of anterior arm

A

flexion of arm and forearm

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26
Q

what supplies posterior arm

A

radial nerve

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27
Q

what is the role of posteiror arm

A

extension of arm and forearm

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28
Q

what innervates anterior forearm

A

median nerve apart from flexor carpi ulnaris + medial half of flexor digitorum (ulnar nerve)

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29
Q

what innervates posterior forearm?

A

radial nerve

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30
Q

what are the muscles of the thenar eminance?

A

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

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31
Q

what innervates the thenar eminance?

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

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32
Q

what are the muscles of the hypothenar eminance?

A

obturator digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

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33
Q

what innervates the hypothenar eminance?

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

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34
Q

what are the lumbricals attached to?

A

tendons of flexor digitorium profundus

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35
Q

what innervates the lumbricals?

A

medial 2 - ulnar nerve

latearl 2 - median nerve

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36
Q

what do the interossei do?

A

dorsal - abduction of digits

palmar - adduction of digits

37
Q

what innervates the interosseoi?

A

ulnar nevre

38
Q

where does the axillary nerve pass through?

A

quadrangular space

39
Q

how can you rule out axillary nerve dysfunction?

A

if the subscapular nerve is functioning properly

40
Q

where does the radial nerve course?

A

around the radial groove of humerus with profunda brachii artery

41
Q

what happens if there is radial nerve dysfunction?

A

wrist drop

42
Q

where does the median nerve run?

A

medially in the arm, passes anterior elbow joint

runs within cubital fossa

43
Q

which nerve innervates flexor pollicis longus?

A

anteiror interossei nerve

44
Q

which bones form the pelvic ring?

A

sacrum
ilium
ischium
pubic bone

45
Q

what happens in lateral compression fracture of the pelvis?

A

one half of pelvis is displaced medially eg RTA

46
Q

what happens in a vertical shear fracture of the pelvis?

A

one half of pelvis is displaced superiorly eg fall from a height

47
Q

what is a bankart lesion?

A

anterior shoulder dislocation causes detachment of glenoid labrum and capsule

48
Q

what is a hill sachs lesion?

A

postieor humeral head impacts antieror glenoid, causing impaction fracture of posteior humeral head

49
Q

characteristicc sign of postrior shoudler dislocation?

A

light bulb

50
Q

mechanism of injury in olecranon fractures

A

fall onto point of elbow + contraction of triceps

51
Q

night stick

A

fracture of ulnar shaft

52
Q

monteggia fracture

A

fracture of ulnar + dislocation of radial head at elbow

53
Q

gallezia fracture

A

fracture of radius + dislocation of ulna at distal radioulnar joint

54
Q

which nevre can be damaged in colles fracture

A

median

55
Q

bartons fracture

A

intra articular fracture of distal radius, where carpal bones sublux

56
Q

are intracapsular fractures above or below the trochanteric line?

A

above

57
Q

which way does the patellar dislocate?

A

latearlly

58
Q

what is a pilon fracutre?

A

distal tibia fracture

59
Q

what is a lisfranc fracture?

A

fracture of the midfoot

fracture of base of 2nd metatarsal with / without dislocation of other metatarsals at the TMJS

60
Q

descirbe salter harris 1

A

pure physeal seperation

61
Q

describe salter harris 2

A

physeal separation

small metaphyseal fragment

62
Q

describe salter harris 3 + 4

A

intra-articualr fracture with splitting at the physis

63
Q

describe salter harris 5

A

compression injury to the physis with growth arrest

64
Q

what is the usual site of salter harris 2 in children?

A

distal radial physis

65
Q

what is osbornes facsia?

A

the tight band of fascia that forms over the roof of the cubital tunnel

66
Q

which 2 muscle make up the iliosoas

A

psoas major + iliacus

67
Q

name the anterior muscles of the thigh (4)

A

sartorius
iliopsoas
pectineus
quadriceps femoris

68
Q

which nerve supplies anteior thigh

A

femoral

69
Q

name medial thigh muscles (5)

A

adductor longus, brevis, magnus

obturator externus + gracilus

70
Q

which nerve goes to media lthigh

A

obturator

71
Q

name muscles of the posterior thigh (3)

A

semimembranosus
semiteninosus
biceps femoris

72
Q

which nerve + artery goes to posterior thigh

A

deep femoral artery + tibial nerve

73
Q

name the muscles of the anteoir leg (4)

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucus longus
fibularis tertius

74
Q

what is the movement of anterir leg

A

dorsiflexion

75
Q

which arteries goes to anteriro leg

A

deep fibular artery + anterior tibial artery

76
Q

name the muscles of the latral leg (2)

A

fibularis brevis + longus

77
Q

what is the movement of lateral leg muscles

A

plantarflexion

78
Q

name the posterior leg muscles (3)

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

79
Q

where does gastronemius insert to

A

calcaneal tendon

80
Q

what is the nerve do posterior leg

A

tibia nerve + sural arteries

81
Q

what are the posteiro deep muscles of the leg (4)

A

popliteus
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis posterior

82
Q

which arteries go to deep posteiror leg

A

tibial artery + posterior tibial artery

83
Q

nerve and artery to lattismus dors

A

thoracodorsal nerve + branch of subscapular artery

84
Q

nerve and artery to levator spaculae

A

dorsal scapular nerve + artery

85
Q

nerve to deltoid

A

axillary

86
Q

nerve to supraspinatus

A

suprascapular

87
Q

nerve to infraspinatus

A

suprascapular

88
Q

nerve in subscapularis

A

subscapular

89
Q

nerve to teres minor

A

axillary nerve

PRIYA MSK BASICS (8 decks)

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