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Flashcards in Neuro Literature Deck (26)
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1
Q

What results in exercise induced collapse in labs?

A

Dynamin i gene mutation (DNM 1)

2
Q

In young dogs with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, what did they respond to?

A

78% improvement with KBr

3
Q

What may be markers of exertional myopathy in sled dogs?

A

IL-6 and MCP-1

4
Q

What is known about canine cognitive dysfunction?

A

• Canine Cognitive Dysfunction: Neurodegenerative dz
○ Main CS: Sleeping during the day, restless at night, decreased interaction, disorientation at home, anxiety
○ Border-line cases did progress over study

Did not influence survival (small breeds did NOT have better survival then large breeds, no difference btwn sexes)

5
Q

What is known about cats with vestibular dz?

A

• Cats with vestibular disease: 52% central vestibular (bacterial, FIP, toxo, neoplasia, vascular dz)
○ 48% peripheral vestibular (idiopathic and otitis media/interna were most common)
§ Cats with idiopathic had complete recovery of CS)

6
Q

Which dog gets strokes?

A

• Greyhounds are predisposed to ischemic strokes (not related to coag) may be related to hypertension

7
Q

Which toxin in blue green algae results in neuro signs?

A

• Anatoxin-a (from blue green algae) can result in tremors, fasciculations, and lateral recumbency (FULMINANT)!!!

8
Q

In cats with seizures what is most common?

A

• In cats: Most frequently complex focal seizures with or without secondary generalizations (drooling, facial twitching, tremor, rapid running, mydriasis, hypersalivation, urination, defecation)
○ Lesions within Hippocampus Necrosis, resulting kindling
○ Cats did well with phenobarb (50% seizure-free)

9
Q

What is good for seizure control in cats?

A

Seizure controls in most cats with phenobar level 15-45 ug/ml regardless of cause of seizure (13 cats never had a seizure again) - 93% controlled

10
Q

Can dogs with idiopathc epilepsy have normal lives?

A

YES 7-9 years

11
Q

Did being on more than one anti-convulsant affect affect prognosis?

A

NO! :)

12
Q

How good is the cutaneous trunci reflex?

A

• Cutaneous trunci reflex allows for localization of TL spinal cord lesions within 4 vertebrae
○ Also helps with clinical segregation of cases (cut off correlated with increasing severity)
○ Cut off only seen in 80% patients

13
Q

What helped to decreased rate of recurrence in IVDD dogs?

A

Multiple-site disk fenestration decreased rate of recurrent IVDH in small-breed dogs, compared with the use of single-site disk fenestration (7% vs 18%)

14
Q

What in IVDD inversely correlated with ability to regainambulation?

A

Epidural inflammation
• Epidural inflammation occurs in majority of disk dogs, may develop long before CS (evidence of chronic inflammation in animals with acute CS)
○ Neutrophils to chronic granulation tissue (monocytes and MPs)
○ Severity of epidural inflammation correlated with degree of epidural hemorrhage and nucleus pulposus calcification (may be triggers, not previously suggested adaptive immune response to pulposus)
§ Not correlated with age. Chrondrodystrophic, neurologic grade, back pain, pretx, or duration
○ Degree of epidural inflammation inversely correlated with ability to regain ambulation

15
Q

What is considered a biomarker for IVDD?

A

○ >98% functional recovery if CSF CK

16
Q

What is true regarding the prognosis of IVDD?

A

• TL IVDD dogs: If deep pain intact 98% ambulatory after sx, if deep pain negative 52% ambulatory after sx (incontinence, neurologic deterioration, self-mutilation)

17
Q

Which things were elevated in CSF in dog with IVDD that had less successful recovery?

A

Elevated CSF myelin basic protein, creatine kinase, MMP-9, tau protein = Higher means worse injury and less successful recovery

• Predicting prognosis: 50% deep pain negative will recover

18
Q

What are more effective than sx for dogs with long standing TL IVDD?

A

Electroacupuncture

19
Q

What is the mutation that results in degenerative myopathy in BMD?

A

SOD mutation (higher risk of developing DM if homozygous)

20
Q

What infectious dz my be related to polyradiculoneuritis in dogs?

A

Toxoplasmosis

21
Q

What tx resulted in a trend toward faster recovery in dogs with polyradiculoneuritis?

A

IVIg had a trend (NOT statistically significant) toward faster recovery (27.5 days vs 75.5 days)

22
Q

What should be considered in a seizing or multifocal intracranial dz cat?

A

• Reversible encephalopathy secondary to thiamine deficiency in cats - Should be considering in seizing or with mutlifocal intracranial signs
○ Raw fish (thiaminases)
○ MRI: Hyperintesnsity in lateral geniculate nuclei

23
Q

What organism should be considered in progressive cerebellar ataxia and cerebellar atrophy in adult dogs?

A

Neospora caninum resulting in necrotizing cerebellitis and cerebellar atrophy in dogs

24
Q

What is another breed that gets Syringomyelia and Chiari-like malformation?

A

• Syringomyelia and Chiari-like malformation is prevalence in American Brussels Griffons
○ Synrix size was associated with neuro defs, Chiari-like malformation, larger ventricles, and smaller craniocervical junction height, neuro def, and cerebellar herniation

52% dogs with syringomyelia were clinically normal

25
Q

Did dogs with acquired MG have better clinical improvement with pyridostigmine +mycophenolate OVER pyridostigmine alone?

A

• Dogs treated with pyridostigme + mycophenolate did NOT have clinical improvement (survival time or remission) over pyridostigme alone in acquired MG

26
Q

What is better for HOD steroids or NSAIDs?

A

• Steroids were superior to NSAIDs in tx of HOD in Weimaraners
○ 94% has radiographic changes at presentation, BUT 6% did NOT have lesions until 48-72 hrs after CS started (may need to reimage)
○ 85% had resolution of condition and 15% had episodes of pyrexia/malaise
○ May had littermates that were also affected