Neuroanatomy 1 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Neuroanatomy 1 Deck (57)
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1
Q

anterior

A

toward the front

2
Q

posterior

A

toward the back

3
Q

dorsal

A

toward the back

4
Q

ventral

A

toward the belly

5
Q

rostral

A

toward the nose

6
Q

caudal

A

toward the tail

7
Q

medial

A

toward midline

8
Q

lateral

A

away from midline

9
Q

ipsilateral

A

same side of midline

10
Q

contralateral

A

opposite side of midline

11
Q

decussation

A

crossing midline

12
Q

superior

A

toward top

13
Q

inferior

A

toward bottom

14
Q

superficial

A

toward surface

15
Q

deep

A

away from surface

16
Q

white matter/gray matter

A

brain - gray surrounds white spine - white surrounds gray

17
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

fight-or-flight

18
Q

parasympathetic

A

rest and digest

19
Q

spinal nerve composition

A

dorsal root and ventral root

20
Q

dorsal root direction

A

into spine

21
Q

ventral root direction

A

out of spine

22
Q

spinal cord gray matter division

A

top to bottom: dorsal horn, intermediate zone, ventral horn

23
Q

spinal cord white matter division

A

top to bottom: dorsal column, lateral column, ventral column

24
Q

divisions of the spine

A

cervical (8), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5)

25
Q

lateral pathways

A

voluntary movements

26
Q

ventromedial pathways

A

control posture and reflex movements

27
Q

sulci

A

grooves/ditches in brain

28
Q

gyri

A

outpouching in brain

29
Q

frontal

A

motor

30
Q

parietal

A

somatosensory

31
Q

occipital

A

visual

32
Q

temporal

A

audition

33
Q

insula

A

gustatory (taste)

34
Q

endodorm

A

innermost develops into internal organ lining

35
Q

mesoderm

A

middle layer develops into bones and muscle

36
Q

ectoderm

A

outermost develops into nervous system and skin

37
Q

neural plate

A

portion of ectoderm that develops into nervous system

38
Q

neural tube

A

tube develops from inward folding of neural plate

39
Q

neurulation

A

process creating neural tube

40
Q

CNS Neural Tube Development

A

medial neural plate –> neural groove –> neural tube –> CNS

41
Q

PNS Neural Tube Development

A

lateral neural plate –> neural fold –> neural crest –> PNS

42
Q

neuropore

A

openings in the neural tube

43
Q

anencephaly

A

failure to close anterior end of neural tube (death)

44
Q

spina bifida

A

failure to close posterior end of neural tube

45
Q

prosencephalon

A

rostral end of neural tube (forebrain)

46
Q

mesencephalon

A

midbrain

47
Q

rhombencephalon

A

caudal end of neural tube (hindbrain)

48
Q

BrdU

A

substitutes for thymidine and shows neurogenesis

49
Q

where neural stem cells tend to exist

A

walls of ventricles - subventricular zone, dentate gyrus (hippocampus), olfactory system

50
Q

meninges order

A

dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater

51
Q

subdural space composition

A

vessels

52
Q

subarachnoid space composition

A

contains CSF

53
Q

pia mater composition

A

blood vessels

54
Q

ependymal cells

A

line walls of ventricles

55
Q

choroid plexus

A

special tissue makes CSF

56
Q

sequence of CSF flow

A

lateral ventricles, 3rd ventricles, cerebral aqueduct, 4th ventrical

57
Q

hydrocephalus

A

blockage of CSF