Neurobiological Basis of Emotion, Cognition, Behavior and Relations Flashcards

1
Q

Effect: Glutamate

A

Learning and Memory

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2
Q

Effect: Dopamine

A

Reward, motivation, pleasure, euphoria

Control of Fine Motor

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3
Q

Parkinson’s Disease results from?

A

Atrophy/Blockage of Dopamine

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4
Q

Effect: Serotonin

A

Unusual states of pleasure

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5
Q

What three organs mainly respond to stress?

A

Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Adrenal Cortex

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6
Q

What does the Hypothalamus produce under stress?

A

Corticotropic Releasing Hormone

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7
Q

What does the Pituitary produce under stress?

A

Converts precursor molecules to Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Opioids and Melatonin

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8
Q

What does the Adrenal Cortex produce under stress?

A

Glucocorticoids

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9
Q

What inhibits the hypothalamus from producing more CRH and Pituitary from producing ACTH?

A

Glucocorticoids

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10
Q

What is secreted during sleep?

A

Growth Hormones

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11
Q

What are the different Dopamine receptors?

Where are they located?

A

D2-4 in the Nucleus Accumbens (Evokes Pleasure)

D1, D5 in the Frontal Lobe (For Pleasure)

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12
Q

Function: Cortical Memory

A

Long term storage of pleasurable experiences

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13
Q

What part of the brain perceives fear?

A

Amygdala

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14
Q

Fear Pathway

A
  1. Thalamus receives signals and sends to both amygdala and cortex
  2. Amygdala registers danger
  3. Amygdala triggers fast response
  4. More considered response based on cortical processing
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15
Q

[Anger]

Where is it processed?

A

Thalamus

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16
Q

[Anger]

What is responsible for autonomic response and predatory aggression?

A

Lateral Thalamus

17
Q

[Anger]

Function: Periaqueductal Gray Matter

A

Responsible for coping behavior and defensive aggregation

18
Q

Thinking is a function of?

A

Frontal Lobe

19
Q

Steps for Memory

A

Encoding
Storage
Retrieval

20
Q

What does sleep enhance?

A

Glutaminergic Activity for long-term memory storage

21
Q

Function: Hippocampus

A

Consolidation of Memory
Spatial Consciousness
Storage of Verbal Memory

22
Q

Define: Social Cognition

A

Ability of organisms to understand others as being like themselves who have intentions and mental lives of their own

23
Q

Define: Mirror Neurons

A

Structures that become active when a person observes an act being executed by another