Spinal Cord
Controls simple stretch and tendon reflexes
Controls primitive processes such as walking, urination, and sex organ function
Medulla
Controls autonomic processes such as BP, blood flow, heart rate, respiratory rate, swallowing, and vomiting
Controls reflex reactions such as coughing and sneezing
Pons
Controls antigravity posture and balance
Relays information to the cerebellum and thalamus
Cerebellum
Integrating center
Coordination of complex movement, balance and posture, muscle tone, spatial equilibrium
Midbrain
Integration of visual and auditory information
Visual and auditory reflexes
Wakefulness and consciousness
Coordinates information on posture and muscle tone
Thalamus
Relay center for somatic (conscious) sensation
Hypothalamus
Controls homeostatic functions (such as temperature regulation, fluid balance, appetite)
Controls primitive emotions such as anger, rage, and sex drive
Controls the pituitary gland
Brainstem
the medulla, the pons, and the midbrain
Hindbrain
the medulla, the pons, and the cerebellum
Forebrain
diencephalon and telencephalon
diencephalon
the thalamus and hypothalamus
telencephalon
consists of the two separate cerebral hemispheres
Corpus Callosum
a thick bundle of axons connecting the cerebral hemispheres
Cerebrum
the large paired cerebral hemispheres
Cerebral Cortex
the outer layer of gray matter of the cerebrum (made up of somas); divided into 4 lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital
Frontal Lobe
initiates all voluntary movement and involved in complex reasoning skills and problem solving
Parietal Lobe
involved in general sensations (touch, temperature, pressure, vibration) and taste
Temporal Lobe
processes auditory and olfactory sensation and are involved in short-term memory, language comprehension, and emotion
Occipital Lobe
processes visual sensation