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Flashcards in Neuropathology Deck (27)
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1
Q

The biopsy of a 76YOM was conducted. What is the likely cause of these changes?

a) Tumor
b) Infection
c) Trauma
d) Neurodegenerative
e) Anoxic Injury

A

c) Trauma

Axonal Spheroids in Diffuse Axonal Injury (“Shear Injury”)

2
Q

56YOM has presents with fever, weight loss, malaise w/ HTN, polyneuropathy and myalgias. A biopsy was done. What is the likely cause of his condition?

a) Dermatomyositis
b) Polymyositis
c) Inclusion Body Myositis
d) Polyarteritis nodosa
e) Nemeline Rod Myopathy

A

d) Polyarteritis nodosa

Acute vasculitis of epineurial artery; transmural arterial inflammation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils & fibrinoid necrosis

Hx of fever, weight loss, myalgias, malaise w/ HTN, & polyneuropathy -> PAN

3
Q

What antibodies are associated with this condition?

a) Anti-Hu
b) Anti-Jo
c) Anti-Yo
d) VGKC
e) HBV

A

e) HBV

Polyarteritis nodosa

30% of patients with PAN have circulating antibodies to HBV

4
Q

Which medication is likely to cause this?

a) Amphetamine
b) Acetaminophen
c) Keppra

A

a) Amphetamine

5
Q

Patient likely died from what problem?

a) Cardiac arrest
b) Amyloid angiopathy
c) Aneurysmal SAH
d) Traumatic Brain Injury

A

d) Traumatic Brain Injury

Bifrontal contusions w/ slight orange tinge

2ndary to presence of residual hemosiderin-laden macrophages

6
Q

Patient likely died from what problem?

a) Cardiac arrest
b) Amyloid angiopathy
c) Aneurysmal SAH
d) Traumatic Brain Injury

A

a) Cardiac arrest

Laminar Necrosis

Seen in hypoxic/ischemic injury

7
Q

What tumor would you see this in?
What do you see here?

A

Glioblastoma Multiforme

Pseudopalisading necrosis

& infiltrating high-grade glioma w/ microvascular proliferation

8
Q

What is standard 1st line therapy in a patient with this pathology on brain biopsy?

A

Low dose TEMOZOLAMIDE

with radiation therapy

9
Q

What tumor would you see this in?
What percentage of patient’s survive with this pathology?

A

Glioblastoma Multiforme

<5%

10
Q

Patient has a history of seizures and skin abnormalities.

The pathology shows what tumor?

A

SubEpendymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma (SEGA)

11
Q

This pathology is associated with what condition?

A

Tuberous sclerosis

(SubEpendymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma)

12
Q
A

Ventricular Hamartomas

13
Q
A

Flaky Keratin – Epidermoid Cysts

14
Q

What is this?

A

Medulloblastoma

Small blue cell tumor

Associated with “Homer Wright” rosettes (not shown)

15
Q

What is this?

A

Ependymoma

Perivascular PSEUDO-rosettes

16
Q

Biopsy taken from pineal region. What is it?

A

Germinoma

17
Q

Biopsy taken from filum terminale. What is it?

A

Myxopapillary ependymoma

18
Q

Biopsy taken from cauda equina. What is it?

A

Myxopapillary ependymoma

19
Q

Biopsy taken from temporal lobe tumor. What is it?

What is the boxed finding called?

A

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma or ganglioglioma – these present with with seizures

Pleomorphic glial neoplasm with hypercellularity & lymphocytic infiltrates

Boxed is eosinophilic granular body

20
Q

Biopsy taken from temporal lobe tumor. What is it?

A

DNET Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor

21
Q

Biopsy taken from a 32 year old female with a calcified mass in the frontal lobe. What is it?

A

Oligodendroglioma

(Fried Egg appearance)

22
Q

What is this?

A

Oligodendroglioma

(Fried Egg appearance)

23
Q

Biopsy from patient with cognitive issues. What is diagnosis?

A

Alzheimer’s

Neuritic Plaque

“Gold & Old”

24
Q

Name 4 conditions would you find this in

A

Neurofibrillary Tangle

= intraneuronal intracytoplasmic inclusion composed of paired helical filaments

  • Alzheimer’s
  • Parkinson’s Disease
  • PSP
  • Down’s
  • Parkinson’s Complex of Guam
  • Post-encephalitic Parkinsonism
25
Q
A

Leptomeningeal melanocytes

26
Q

62YOM w/ ataxia has his brain sent for pathology.

What do you see here?

What is the likely cause of this condition?

A

Atrophy of superior vermis

Likely etiology is alcohol

27
Q
A