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Alimentary System > Nutrition > Flashcards

Flashcards in Nutrition Deck (9)
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1
Q

What are 2 feeding strategies used in critical care?

A
  1. Enteral feeding: delivering nutritious fluid past upper GI tract into stomach/small intestine
  2. Parenteral feeding - bypassing GI tract altogether and delivering nutrients into the blood
2
Q

Describe enteral nutrition

A
  1. Liquid food delivered to GI tract.
  2. Given to patients with upper GI problems, dysphagia/trauma.
  3. (Low) risks include nausea, vomiting, aspiration
  4. Cheaper
3
Q

Describe parenteral nutrition

A
  1. Micronutrient-rich solution slowly administered into blood.
  2. Patients with dysfunctional GI tract (e.g. mid-GI blockage).
  3. (High) risk of complications = blood clots, infection, liver failure
  4. Can cause atrophy of GI structures due to underuse
  5. Expensive
4
Q

What is short bowel syndrome?

A

Less than 100cm of functional intestinal tract.

Often necessary due to Crohns, cancer, ischaemia, ulcerative colitis, etc

5
Q

What can loss of bowel lead to?

A

Dehydration, malnutrition, malabsorption of nutrients

6
Q

What does loss of SI result in?

What does loss of LI result in?

A

SI = loss of efficient gut function through hormones and enteric nervous system

LI = increased risk of infection

7
Q

What is the most important surgical intervention to reduce reliance on parenteral nutrition?

A

Anastamosis of SI to colon.

8
Q

What are the physical effects of alcohol?

A
  1. CNS
  2. CVS
  3. GIT
  4. GUT
  5. LMS
  6. Endocrine and reproduction
9
Q

3 problems arising from alcohol abuse

A
  1. Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD)
  2. Alcohol addiction (alcoholism)
  3. Alcohol misuse