Flashcards in Nutrition Deck (9)
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1
Q
What are 2 feeding strategies used in critical care?
A
- Enteral feeding: delivering nutritious fluid past upper GI tract into stomach/small intestine
- Parenteral feeding - bypassing GI tract altogether and delivering nutrients into the blood
2
Q
Describe enteral nutrition
A
- Liquid food delivered to GI tract.
- Given to patients with upper GI problems, dysphagia/trauma.
- (Low) risks include nausea, vomiting, aspiration
- Cheaper
3
Q
Describe parenteral nutrition
A
- Micronutrient-rich solution slowly administered into blood.
- Patients with dysfunctional GI tract (e.g. mid-GI blockage).
- (High) risk of complications = blood clots, infection, liver failure
- Can cause atrophy of GI structures due to underuse
- Expensive
4
Q
What is short bowel syndrome?
A
Less than 100cm of functional intestinal tract.
Often necessary due to Crohns, cancer, ischaemia, ulcerative colitis, etc
5
Q
What can loss of bowel lead to?
A
Dehydration, malnutrition, malabsorption of nutrients
6
Q
What does loss of SI result in?
What does loss of LI result in?
A
SI = loss of efficient gut function through hormones and enteric nervous system
LI = increased risk of infection
7
Q
What is the most important surgical intervention to reduce reliance on parenteral nutrition?
A
Anastamosis of SI to colon.
8
Q
What are the physical effects of alcohol?
A
- CNS
- CVS
- GIT
- GUT
- LMS
- Endocrine and reproduction
9
Q
3 problems arising from alcohol abuse
A
- Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD)
- Alcohol addiction (alcoholism)
- Alcohol misuse