Ocular-motor Disorders Flashcards Preview

Ophthalmology > Ocular-motor Disorders > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ocular-motor Disorders Deck (21)
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1
Q

Phoria

A

Indicates weakness of a muscle

If eye is not focused on something, it drifts.

2
Q

Tropia

A

Indicates paralysis of the muscle.

Eye drifts even when focusing on a target

3
Q

Eso

A

Eye is deviated inward

Esophoria, esotropia

4
Q

Exo

A

Eye is deviated outward

Exophoria, exotropia

5
Q

Hyper

A

Eye is deviated upward

Hyperphoria, hypertropia

6
Q

Hypo

A

Eye is deviated downward

Hypophoria, Hypotropia

7
Q

Which CN constricts the pupil? Sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

Parasympathetic fibers of CN III. They supply the ciliary body and sphincter of iris.

8
Q

Acquired CN III palsy

A
  • Sudden onset of binocular horizontal, vertical or oblique diploplia.
  • Ptosis or droopy eyelid.
9
Q

Congenital CN III Palsy

A
  • Found in young children
  • May be able to suppress the second image in diploplia, may not complain.
  • Ptosis and strabismus
  • Amblyopia is major complication
10
Q

Complete CN III palsy is usually associated with a large angle _____ and _____?

A

Exotropia and hypotropia. Down and out.

11
Q

CN III palsy differential

A
  • HTN, diabetes
  • Tumor
  • Congenital
  • Aneurism
12
Q

CN III Palsy Tx

A
  • Neuroimaging
  • Consult a neuroradiologist
  • Tx is directed at underlying etiology
  • Maximize function
13
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear nerve
Has longest intracranial course
Only nerve with a dorsal exit from the brainstem
Innervates Superior Oblique (SO4)

14
Q

CN IV Palsy

A
  • Binocular vertical diploplia/subjective tilting of objects

- Neck pain

15
Q

What is nasal upshoot?

A

Ipsilateral Hypertropia. Eye is deviated upward .

16
Q

CN IV Palsy causes greater hypertropia in _____ gaze.

A

Left

17
Q

CN IV Palsy Tx

A

Neuroimaging
LP if negative imaging
Treat underlying etiology

18
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens Nerve
Enters orbit via the superior orbital fissure
Innervates Lateral rectus (LR6)

19
Q

CN VI Palsy

A
  • Binocular horizontal diploplia that worsens with gaze toward defective lateral rectus muscle.
  • Strabismus toward paralyzed side.
20
Q

CN VI Palsy Presentation

A
  • Primary position esotropia

- Eye is turned in (crossed eye)

21
Q

When is CN VI palsy an emergency?

A

When focal signs or papilledema are present

-Increased ICP