Ophthalmology Flashcards Preview

Neurology > Ophthalmology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ophthalmology Deck (14)
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1
Q

Actions of the oculomotor nerve

A

Elevation
Depression
Adduction
Extorsion

2
Q

Actions of the superior oblique

A

Intorsion (in primary positon)

Depression (when adducted)

3
Q

Actions of the lateral rectus

A

Abduction

4
Q

Ductions

A

The range of movement of each eye

5
Q

Versions

A

Conjugate movements of both eyes

6
Q

Principles of diplopia analysis

A
  1. Images will spread out as the eyes move in the direction of pull of the weak eye muscle
  2. The more peripheral image is from the eye with the weak muscle
7
Q

CN III palsy

A
Ex: aneurysm (PCA/SCA), trauma, neoplasm
Sx:
-Eye is down and out
-Large blown pupil
-ptosis
8
Q

CN IV Palsy

A

Ex: Head trauma (long course so easily disrupted)
Sx: Difficulty with intorsion and depression
Head tilt to unaffected side

9
Q

CN VI Palsy

A

Ex: microvascular (DM), Increased ICP stretches, neoplasm (cavernous sinus), trauma
Sx: difficulty with eye abduction, head turn to realign eyes

10
Q

One and a half syndrome

A

Lesion of CN 6 and MLF
Results in ability to abduct the unaffected side eye
Lose all other horizontal movements

11
Q

Red flags for tearing in a child

A
  1. No mucopurulence
  2. Light sensitivity
  3. Cloudy corneas
12
Q

Nasolacrimal Duct defects

A

Congenital obstruction of nasolacrimal duct
Sx: tearing, mucopurulence
Tx: clean lids and lashes, massage
Most spontaneously resolve around 1 year

13
Q

Abnormal visual behaviour in a child

A
Delayed social smile
Poor eye contact
Nystagmus age <4 mo
Increased light sensitivity
Staring at bright lights
Pressing on eyes
14
Q

Three catogories of amblyopia causes

A
  1. Poor clarity- retinal image transmission
  2. Poor focus- refractive errors
  3. Poor aim- strabismus