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Flashcards in Osteoarthritis Deck (12)
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1
Q

How common is osteoarthritis.

A

It is the most common articular disease worldwide.

2
Q

What is osteoarthritis.

A

It is traditionally considered a degenerative disease of articular cartilage.
However, new evidence points towards an inflammatory component, and that the disease involves the entire joint - ie synovium, cartilage and subchondral bone.

3
Q

What is osteoarthritis characterised by. (3)

A

Progressive cartilage loss.
Subchondral bone formation.
Bony osteophytes.

4
Q

What may osteoarthritis be secondary to. (5)

A
Trauma. 
Infection. 
Congenital conditions (eg developmental dysplasia of the hip, haemochromatosis. ). 
Occupational. 
Obesity.
5
Q

What are the symptoms of localized osteoarthritis. (5)

A
Pain after exertion. 
Crepitus. 
Pain worse at end of the day. 
Background pain at rest. 
Joint gelling - stiffness after rest up to 30mins. 
Joint instability.
6
Q

What are the radiographic features of osteoarthritis. (4)

A

Loss of joint space.
Osteophytes.
Subchondral sclerosis.
Subchondral cysts.

7
Q

What is the mnemonic for the radiographic features of osteoarthritis.

A

LOSS.

8
Q

What is the ratio of women:men affected by OA.

A

3:1.

9
Q

What is the typical age of onset of OA.

A

> 50.

10
Q

Where does localized OA tend to affect. (2)

A

Hip.

Knee.

11
Q

What are the features associated with generalized OA disease. (6)

A
Heberden's nodes (nodal OA seen mainly in post menopausal women. Commonly affected joints are the DIP, thumb carpo-metacarpal joints and the knees). 
Joint tenderness. 
Joint derangement. 
Bony swellings (Heberden's nodes at DIP, Bouchard's nodes at PIP). 
Decreased range of movement. 
Synovitis.
12
Q

What may be slightly elevated in the bloods of a patient with OA.

A

CRP.