Other bits Flashcards Preview

Cancer Care > Other bits > Flashcards

Flashcards in Other bits Deck (14)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What are the 2 scales used for WHO performance status

A

Zubrod

Karnofsky

2
Q

Describe the Zubrod scale

A

0 - Normal activity
1 - Symptomatic and ambulatory, cares for self
2 - Ambulatory >50% of time, occasional assistance
3 - Ambulatory <50% of time, req. nursing care
4 - Bedridden

3
Q

Describe Karnofsky’s scale

A

100 - Normal, no evidence of disease
90 - Able to perform normal activities, minor symptoms
80 - Normal activity with effort, some symptoms
70 - Able to care for self but unable to do normal activities
60 - Req. occasional assistance, care for most needs
50 - Req. considerable assistance
40 - Req. special assistance, Disabled
30 - Severely disabled
20 - Very sick, req. active supportive treatment
10 - Moribund

4
Q

What are the benefits of being managed by an MDT?

A

Accurate diagnosis and staging

Choice of treatments from group of experts, not just 1 doctor

Better co-ordination and continuity of care

Treated in line with local policies/guidelines

Appropriate and consistent information

Psychological and social needs considered

5
Q

What are the disadvantages to being managed by an MDT?

A

Difficult to maintain adequate communication

Risk to patient confidentiality

Burdening patients - need to meet more professionals

Patient not involved in MDT

6
Q

What emotions may someone experience having survived cancer?

A

Relief that it is over
Fear that it may come back
Guilt for having survive when others haven’t
Worry about finances, job etc
Frustration surrounding physical and sexual health

7
Q

How would you describe palliative vs end of life care to a patient?

A

Palliative is for anyone where cure in no longer an option. Treatment does not aim to hasten nor postpone death

End of life is a branch of palliative care for people in their last year of life

8
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of CPR

A
  • prolonged stay in ICU on ventilators
  • injuries such as broken ribs
  • poor post CPR quality of life

+ gives time to put affairs in order
+ it sometimes works
+ family feel everything has been tried

9
Q

What is advanced care planning and what is an advanced decision to refuse treatment?

A

Care planning: not legally binding but sets out the persons wishes on any aspect of future care

ADRT: legally binding if valid and applicable. It states which treatments under which circumstances a person does not wish to have

10
Q

What is screening?

A

a systematic approach to detect unrecognised condition. It distinguished between well people who probably do and probably don’t have a disease

11
Q

What is lead time bias?

A

Cancer picked up early so although screening appears to prolong life, life is not prolonged just time with cancer is longer

12
Q

What is length time bias?

A

Screening picks up slow growing cancers that the person may never have noticed or been harmed by. Screening appears to prolong life of those found +ve whereas actually it may never have harmed them

13
Q

What is selection bias?

A

Healthy people are more likely to go for screening and also look after their health in other ways too

14
Q

What must a screening programme be to be approved?

A

CONDITION: serious and frequent
TEST: simple, safe, agreed cut off level for treatment
INTERVENTION: intervening before symptoms must be beneficial
OTHER: cost effective, adequate staffing, benefit>harm