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PH 152 > Other Gram Negative Rods > Flashcards

Other Gram Negative Rods Flashcards

0
Q 
False about Vibrio cholerae
A.Tolerate alkaline media 
B.Sensitive to acid
C.Maybe halophilic 
D. None of those mentioned
A

D.

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1
Q 
False about Vibrio cholerae
A.Comma shaped, curved rod
B. Single flagellum & motile
C. Facultative anaerobes 
D. Oxidase negative
A

D. Oxidase negative

Positive dapat

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2
Q

False about antigenic structure of Vibrio cholerae
A.Single heat stabile H antigen (in several Vibrio)
B.O lipopolysaccharide Found in V.cholerae
C. O LPS Used for serologic specificity

A

A.Single heat stabile H antigen (in several Vibrio)

Labile dapat

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3
Q

Differentiate serotype from biotype

A

Serotype-classified based on cell surface antigen

Biotype-Classified based on physical and/or biochemical properties

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4
Q

Two biotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1 antigen

A

Classical and El Tor

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5
Q

Adherence factors of Vibrio cholerae

A

hemagglutinin, toxin-coregulated pili)

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6
Q

Motility, Mucinolytic enzymes, Cholera exotoxin, Neuraminidase, Proteases

Which is not a virulence factor of V.cholera?

A

Cholera exotoxin.

Enterotoxin dapat

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7
Q

False about Cholera enterotoxin
A.Heat labile (same as LT of ETEC)
B.Composed of subunit A and B
C. Subunit A catalyzes ADP-ribosylation regulator complex
D. Increase in cAMP prolonged hypersecretion of water and electrolytes
E. Stimulates absorption of Na+ and Cl-

A

E. Stimulates absorption of Na+ and Cl-

Inhibits dapat

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8
Q

Which is not true about V.cholera O139?
A.Derived from the pandemic El Tor biotype
B.Lost the characteristic O1 somatic antigen
C.Produces a polysaccharide capsule and a different cholera enterotoxin D.Retained the epidemic potential of O1 strain

A

C.Produces a polysaccharide capsule and a different cholera enterotoxin

Same enterotoxin pa rin

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9
Q

V.cholera onset of symptoms

A

2-3 days

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10
Q

V.cholera mode of transmission

A

ingestion of contaminated food and water

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11
Q

Fill in the blanks(V.cholera clinical manifestations):

Watery diarrhea (\_\_\_ stools) 
Vomiting 
Loss of 15-20 liters of fluid/day Dehydration and shock 
\_\_\_ hands 
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
A

Rice water

Washer woman’s

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12
Q

True or false: In lab diagnosis of Vibrio cholera, Gram stain is done on stool specimen

A

False. From plate dapat

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13
Q

In lab diagnosis of Vibrio cholera, what kind of smear is done?

A

dark filed microscopy/phase contrast

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14
Q

What specific media is used for Vibrio cholerae?

A

Thiosulfate Bile Salt Agar

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15
Q

Which is false in TCBS Culture?
A. Alkaline peptone water must be applied for 8 hours after culture
B. Should be held for 48 hours before reporting as negative for V. cholerae
C. Both are false

A

A. Alkaline peptone water must be applied for 8 hours after culture

prior to culture dapat

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16
Q

color of colonies on TCBS
___for V. cholerae
__ for V. parahemolyticus

A

Yellow

Green

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17
Q

Vibrio species causing Septicemia, wound infection

A

V.vulnificus

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18
Q

False about Tetracycline
a. Interferes with nucleic acid synthesis
b. Shortens the period of excretion of Vibrio
C. Reduces stool output in cholera
D. Must be given for 3 days to patients with cholera

A

a. Interferes with nucleic acid synthesis

Protein dapat

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19
Q

True or false: Vaccine can be used to prevent cholera

A

True (oral cholera vaccine)

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20
Q 
False about Campylobacter jejuni
A. comma, S or ‘gull wing’ shapes
B. Motile with 1 flagellum 
C. Aerobic, non-fermenting
D. oxidase positive
A

C. Aerobic, non-fermenting

Microaerophilic dapat

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21
Q

Which is false about C.jejuni?
A.has LPS with endocytic activity
B.parasites in GIT of meat and poultry
C.mode of transmission: ingestion of contaminated food and water

A

B.parasites in GIT of meat and poultry

Commensals dapat

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22
Q

False about Pathology of C.jejuni
A.Multiply in large intestines, invade the epithelium producing inflammation
B.Acute exudative and hemorrhagic inflammation
C.Increase in WBC or pus cells in fecalysis
D.Can invade the bloodstream
E.Heat-labile toxin may cause diarrhea

A

A.Multiply in large intestines, invade the epithelium producing inflammation

Small dapat

23
Q

For C.jejuni
A.Onset of symptoms: 2-4 days B.Incubation period: 1-4 days C.Symptoms last for 2-4 days

Which is false?

A

C. 7-10 dapat

24
Q

Which is not a possible complication of C.jejuni infection?

(1) Reactive arthritis
(2) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
(3) Meningitis
(4) Recurrent colitis
(5) Chronic cholecystitis

A

(5) Chronic cholecystitis

Acute dapat :)

25
Q

Complication of C.jejuni infection involving progressive and ascending paralysis of muscle groups

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome

26
Q

In lab diagnosis of C.jejuni, which is not done?
A. Gram stain
B. Culture on TCBS
C. Dark field microscopy

A

B. Culture on TCBS

Skirrow’s or Campy blood agar dapat

27
Q

Campy blood agar has the same mechanism as ___ in V.cholera

A

Alkaline peptone water

28
Q 
False about H.pylori
A.Found in esophagus + the mucus gel that coats the stomach epithelium 
B.secreted in the poop 
C.may be part of normal flora 
D.Grows at pH 6.0 – 7.0
A

B

29
Q

(1) Spiral shaped, gram (-) rods
(2) Motile
(3) Urease (-)

Which is not true about H.pylori?

A

(3)

Dapat urease positive

30
Q

What does H.pylori produce to neutralize stomach acidity?

A

NH2

31
Q

Protease is one of H.pylori’s virulence factors. What does it do?

A

modifies gastric mucosa and reduce acidity

32
Q

Two substances that attract H.pylori to gastric mucosa

A

Hemin and urea

33
Q

False about Culture of gastric biopsy tissue for H.pylori
A.Chocolate agar or TCBS agar
B. Oxidase (+), catalase (+), urease (+)
C. Both are false

A

A.Chocolate agar or TCBS agar

Skirrow, not TCBS

34
Q

False about treating H.pylori

(1) Bismuth salt + 2 antibiotics
(2) Proton pump stimulator
(3) both are false

A

(2) Proton pump stimulator

Inhibitor dapat

35
Q

False about Pseudomonas
A. Anaerobic bacilli
B.Motility is by single, polar flagellum
C. more than 140 species are Mostly saprophytic

A

A. Anaerobic bacilli

Aerobic dapat

36
Q

False about growth requirements of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

(1) Non-fermentative aerobe
(2) Grown on media supplying only acetate for carbon and ammonium sulfate for nitrogen
(3) use sulfate as electron acceptor
(4) Grows best at 25 to 37⁰C, but may survive at lower or higher
(5) Resists high concentrations of salt, dyes, weak antiseptics, and many commonly used antibiotics

A

(3) use sulfate as electron acceptor

Nitrate dapat

37
Q

Pseudomonas modes of transmissions: which is not part?

(1) Patient to patient on the hands of hospital personnel
(2) Direct patient contact with contaminated reservoirs
(3) Ingestion of contaminated food & water
(4) sexual contact

A

(4)sexual contact

38
Q

False about P.aeruginosa
A.Pathogenic in areas devoid of normal defenses
B.non-invasive
C.toxigenic

A

B

Invasive siya

39
Q

What is alginate (in P.aeruginosa)?

A

exopolysaccharide that produces biofilm

40
Q

Alginate is seen in __ fibrosis

A

Cystic

41
Q

Toxin A of Pseudomonas is similar to ___ toxin

A

Diptheria

42
Q

Color of pus in burn infections caused by P.aeruginosa

A

Blue green

43
Q

False about P.aeruginosa lab diagnosis

a. Isolate on BAP or TCBS
b. Fruity (sweet, grape-like) odor and can grow at 42degrees Celsius
c. Forms smooth round colonies with fluorescent green color
d. Positive at lactose fermentation and oxidase

A

A

Eosin-methythionine blue agar dapat

44
Q

Which is false?
A. Pyocyanin is produced by all Pseudomonas species
B. Pyoverdin is produced by P. aeruginosa
C. None of the above

A

A. Pyocyanin is produced by all Pseudomonas species

Not all

45
Q 
Which is not an effective antibiotic against P.aeruginosa?
A.Aztreonam
B. Imipenem 
C. Penicillin
D. Ceftazidime 
E. Cefeperazone
A

C

Ciprofloxacin dapat

46
Q

False about Gardnerella vaginalis

(1) Small and pleomorphic
(2) gram-variable rod
(3) obligate anaerobe

A

(3)obligate anaerobe

Facultative dapat

47
Q

Identify: A condition in women where normal balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted & replaced by an overgrowth of certain bacteria

A

Bacterial vaginosis

48
Q

False about bacterial vaginosis
A.Foul or “fishy” vaginal odor
B.increased amount of gray-white milky discharge
C.Accompanied by pain, itching or burning
D.caused only by Gardnerella vaginalis

A

D

Polymicrobic infection siya

49
Q

Which is not a direct condition for growth?

(1) Presence of Lactobacilli
(2) Change in pH of vaginal fluid
(3) Decreased acidity

A

(1)

Absence of Lactobacilli dapat

50
Q

Which is not a direct risk factor for bacterial vaginosis?

(1) Changing sex partners
(2) Douching
(3) Intrauterine device for contraception
(4) none of the above

A

(4) none of the above

51
Q

Identify the test used to detect bacterial vaginosis

a. sample + potassium hydroxide solution
b. positive result: release of amines, producing fishy odor

A

Amine/Whiff Test

52
Q

True or false: When a more mixed flora is present and Lactobacillus is absent or present in low numbers, the smear would be diagnosed as consistent with bacterial vaginosis.

A

True

53
Q

a. homogenous vaginal discharge
b. vaginal pH > 4.5
c. presence of clue cells (>20% of all epithelial cells)
d. fishy odor after addition of KOH to vaginal secretions

The aforementioned are collectively called __

A

Amsel criteria

54
Q

True or false:”When the examination fits into the Amsel criteria, you need not culture”

A

True

55
Q

What are clue cells?

A

epithelial cells heavily coated with bacteria so that the peripheral borders are obscured

PH 152 (47 decks)

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