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Flashcards in P1 - Thinking Deck (34)
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1
Q

Dorsal

A

Back

2
Q

Ventral

A

Front

3
Q

Rostral

A

Headward

4
Q

Caudal

A

Buttward

5
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side

6
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side

7
Q

Afferent

A

Carries information into a region

8
Q

Efferent

A

carries information away from a region

9
Q

Horizontal plane

A

Divides top and bottom

10
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides left and right

11
Q

Coronal plane

A

Divides front and back

12
Q

Focal Process

A

Focal pathology from a single lesion.

Stroke

13
Q

Multifocal Process

A

Multifocal pathology at separate sites.

MS

14
Q

Diffuse Process

A

Diffuse dysfunction of the nervous system is produced by toxins and metabolic abnormalities.
Alcohol intoxication

15
Q

CNS

A

Brain

Spinal cord

16
Q

PNS

A

Somatic

Autonomic

17
Q

White matter

A

Axon bundles

color due to myelin

18
Q

Gray matter

A

Cell bodies

19
Q

Anatomic lesion

A

Dysfuntion resulting from structural damage.

20
Q

Physiologic lesion

A

Reflecting neuronal dysfuntion in the absence of demonstrable anatomic abnormatlities.

21
Q

Symptoms

A

Subjective experiences from the disorder.

22
Q

Signs

A

Objective abnormalities detected on examination or via lab tests.

23
Q

Negative manifestations reflect damage to _____.

A

neurons

24
Q

Negative manifestations result from _____.

A

loss of function

Parkinson,MS

25
Q

Positive abnormalities result from _____.

A

inappropriate excitation of neurons

26
Q

Most nervous system paths in people are _____.

A

crossed

symptoms are usually contralateral to the lesion in the CNS

27
Q

The major exception to crossed CNS paths is the _____.

A

cerebellum

28
Q

Gray matter lesions impair function of _____ and _____, leading to _____.

A

neuronal cell bodies
synapses
negative/positive abnormalities

29
Q

White matter lesions block _____ and produce _____ signs and symtoms.

A

axonal conduction

negative

30
Q

Optic neuritis

A

Demyelination of the optic nerve, causes blindness.

31
Q

Upper motor neuron

A

Lesion in brain or spinal cord

32
Q

Lower motor neuron

A

peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junction

33
Q

Hyperreflexia

A

UMN lesion

34
Q

Hyporeflexia

A

LMN lesion