Paper 1 Muscular System Flashcards Preview

AS PE REVISION > Paper 1 Muscular System > Flashcards

Flashcards in Paper 1 Muscular System Deck (21)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Agonist muscle

A

A muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint

2
Q

Antagonist muscle

A

A muscle that opposes the agonist muscle providing a resistance for coordinated movement

3
Q

Isotonic contraction

A

Muscular contraction which changes length during its contraction

E.g. Concentric or eccentric

4
Q

Concentric contraction

A

Muscular contraction which shortened while producing tension

5
Q

Eccentric contraction

A

Muscular contraction which lengthens while producing tension

6
Q

Isometric contraction

A

Muscular contraction which stays the same length while producing tension

7
Q

Fixator muscle

A

A muscle that stabilises one part of the body while another moves

8
Q

Antagonistic muscle action

A

Paired muscle action.

As the agonist muscle shortens to create movement, the antagonist lengthens to co-ordinate the action

9
Q

Movement analysis

A

Analysis of the type and cause of bodily movement

Including knowledge of the joint type, articulating bones, movement pattern, agonist and antagonist muscle action and contraction

10
Q

Motor neuron

A

A nerve cell which conducts a nerve impulse to a group of muscle fibres

11
Q

Motor unit

A

A motor neuron and the muscle fibres stimulated by its axon

12
Q

Action potential

A

Positive electrical charge inside the nerve and muscle cells

Which conducts the nerve impulse down the neuron and into the muscle fibre.

13
Q

Neuro transmitter

A

A chemical produced and secreted by a motor neuron which transmits a nerve impulse across the synaptic cleft to the muscle fibre

14
Q

All or non law

A

Depending on whether the stimulus is above a threshold, all muscle fibres will give a complete contraction or no contraction at all

15
Q

Slow oxidative muscle fibres

A

A type of muscle fibre rich in mitochondria, myoglobin and capillaries which produces a small amount of force over a long period of time

16
Q

Fast glycolytic muscle fibres

A

A type of muscle fibre rich in Phosphocreatine which produces a maximal Force over a short period of time

17
Q

Phosphocreatine

A

A high energy component stored in the muscle cells and broken down for ATP resynthesis

18
Q

Mitochondria

A

A structure in the sarcoplasm responsible for aerobic energy production

19
Q

Myoglobin

A

Globular protein in the muscle cells responsible for carrying and storing oxygen to the mitochondria

20
Q

Origin

A

The point of muscular attachment to stationary bone which stays relatively fixed during muscular contraction.

For example, the biceps brachiis origin is on the scapula during an arm curl.

21
Q

Insertion

A

The point of muscular attachment to a moveable bone which gets closer to the origin during muscular contraction.

For example, the biceps brachiis insertion is on the radius during an arm curl.