Parkinson's Disease Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Parkinson's Disease Deck (13)
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1
Q

What will be found on histology in a biopsy in parkinsons?

A

Lewy Bodies

2
Q

What part of the brain does parkinsons primarily affect?

A

substansia nigra

3
Q

What is the difference between parkinsonism and parkinsons disease?

A

Parkinsonism is a range of symptoms of motor control and can (rarely) be caused by other neurological disease

Parkinsons disease is the pathological (lewy body) process which affects different part of the brain and includes parkinsonism

4
Q

What other (non-motor) parts of the brain can parkinsons disease affect and what symptoms will be caused? (2)

A

olfactory - anosmia

Cortex - Dimentia

Autonomic - Urinary dysfuntion, constipation

5
Q

What are the 4 largest symptoms of parkinsons disease?

A

Bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity and postural instability

6
Q

What is bradykinesia?

A

Slowness in the initiation of movement and a progressive reduction in the speed and amplitude of repetitive movement

7
Q

How will handwriting look in Parkinsons disease?

A

mircographia and will get slower and smaller as line continues

8
Q

How is parkinsons disease diagnosed clinically?

A

Bradykinesia plus one of:
Muscular Rigidity
5Hz rest tremor
Postural Instability

9
Q

What is the differential diagnosis in Parkinson’s Disease? (4)

A

Benign tremor
Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Vascular Parkinsonism
Drug Induced Parkinsonsim

10
Q

What investigations would you do in a patient with suspected parkinson’s disease?

A

To rule out other causes

Bloods for thyroid and Wilsons (caeruloplasmin)

Imaging - Normal in PD

Functional Imaging - DaTSCAN

11
Q

What drugs are used to treat Parkinson’s Disease? (4)

A

L-Dopa
Dopamine antagonists
MAO-B inhibitors
COMT inhibitors

12
Q

What drug is prescribed with L-Dopa?

A

dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor

13
Q

What are the side-effects of L-dopa?

A

peripheral - Nausea vomiting

Central - Confusion and hallucinations