Lungs have a natural tendency to?
Collapse
What keeps the lung against the chest wall?
Negative Pleural Pressure “suction”
If pleural pressure equals atmospheric pressure what happens?
Lungs will collapse
What are the causes of a collapsed lung?
Puncture of Parietal Pleura
Erosion of Visceral Pleura
A puncture in the parietal pleura is also called a?
Sucking Chest Wound
If a major airway is blocked the air trapped distal to the block will be absorbed by the blood and that segment of the lung will?
Collapse
What is pleural fluid?
Thin layer of Mucoid Fluid
Pleural fluid provides?
Lubrication
Pleural fluid is transudate and the total amount is only a?
Few mL
Excess pleural fluid is removed by?
Lymphatics
When excess pleural fluid is removed by lymphatics it helps create what?
Negative Pleural Pressure
Collection of large amount of free fluid in the pleural space is known as?
Pleural Effusion
Pleural effusion is due to?
Edema of Pleural Cavity
What are some causes of pleural effusion?
Blockage of Lymphatic Drainage
Reduced Plasma Colloid Osmotic Pressure
Cardiac failure (increased capillary filtration pressure) is a possible cause of?
Pleural Effusion
Infection/inflammation of pleural surfaces which breaks down capillary membranes is another cause of?
Pleural Effusion
What reduces surface tension forces by forming a monomolecular layer between aqueous fluid lining alveoli and air, preventing a water-air interface?
Surfactant
Surfactant is produced by?
Type II alveolar epithelial cells
Sufactant is a complex mix of?
Phospholipids
Proteins
Ions